电邮这篇文章 北极地区城市土壤暴露相关区域性因素的评估
- 作者: Deryabin A.N.1, Unguryanu T.N.2
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隶属关系:
- Federal Service for Surveillance over Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Arkhangelsk Region office
- Northern State Medical University
- 期: 卷 31, 编号 4 (2024)
- 页面: 268-278
- 栏目: ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1728-0869/article/view/316995
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco630140
- ID: 316995
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详细
背景 。 不利的气候条件决定了北极地区人与土壤相互作用的特殊性，这种情况与俄罗斯南方地区存在显著差异。在健康风险评估中，需要根据区域特点调整标准暴露因素。
研究目的。研究北极地区城市土壤污染物对健康风险评估中所用区域性暴露因素的影响。
材料与方法。 采用横断面调查方法，对俄罗斯北极地区城市居民进行问卷调查。研究共涉及2102名参与者，包括1至6岁儿童752人、7至17岁儿童1027人及18岁及以上成年人323人。分析涵盖了与土壤暴露相关的生理和行为因素。描述性统计数据采用中位数（Ме）、相对频率及95%置信区间。假设检验采用非参数方法，包括克拉斯卡尔-沃利斯检验、两样本Wilcoxon检验和卡方检验。
结果。 1至6岁儿童在城市的平均停留时间（Ме=325天）比7至17岁儿童和成年人多10天 （ p < 0.001）。1至6岁儿童在5月至10月期间的土壤/沙地游戏天数（Ме=48天）和每日游戏时间（Ме=50分钟/天）分别是7至17岁儿童的3.2倍和1.3倍（ p < 0.001）。成年居民在5月至10月期间的土地停留天数（Ме=50天）和土壤工作时间（130分钟/天）分别是7至17岁儿童的1.7倍和2.2倍（ p < 0.001）。基于区域性暴露因素计算的土壤污染化学物质经口暴露的日均剂量显示：阿尔汉格尔斯克地区儿童的剂量比基于WHO和美国EPA推荐暴露因素计算的剂量高2至10倍；成年人的剂量则分别低5倍和1.2倍。
结论。 研究发现，不同年龄组人群的区域性暴露因素在数量和类别上存在显著差异。基于具体人群的区域数据调整暴露因素，可显著提高健康风险评估的准确性和可靠性。
作者简介
Aleksey N. Deryabin
Federal Service for Surveillance over Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Arkhangelsk Region office
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: deryabin-an@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1853-8947
SPIN 代码: 3611-0967
俄罗斯联邦, Arkhangelsk
Tatiana N. Unguryanu
Northern State Medical University
Email: unguryanu_tn@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8936-7324
SPIN 代码: 7358-1674
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), PhD
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