Journal of Modern Oncology
type: channel
description: ISSN (print): 1815-1434, ISSN (online): 1815-1442 Founder: Meditsinskie izdaniya Editor-in-Chief: Poddubnaya Irina Vladimirovna, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Frequency / Access: 4 issues per year / Open Included in: White List (4th level), Higher Attestation Commission List, RISC, Scopus
publisher: LLC Obyedinennaya Redaktsiya
language: ru-RU
publication name: Journal of Modern Oncology
issn: 1815-1434
copyright: Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licensee (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to use published version of the work for educational and not-for-profit proposes (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). All the Copyright statements for authors are present in the standart Publishing Agreement (Public Offer) to Publish an Article in an Academic Periodical 'JOURNAL OF MODERN ONCOLOGY'. READ the details online (tap to see in details) Publishing Agreement (Public Offer) to Publish an Article in an Academic Periodical 'JOURNAL OF MODERN ONCOLOGY' The editorial board of the JOURNAL OF MODERN ONCOLOGY (ISSN 1815-1434 (Print), ISSN 1815-1442 (Online), mass media registration certificate ПИ № ФС 77-63964 dated 18.12.2015, ЭЛ № ФС 77-69203 dated 24.03.2017) represented by editor-in-chief Irina V. Poddubnaya, acting under the Charter (hereinafter referred to as the Licensee), on one side, and the representative of the authors' team (hereinafter referred to as the Licensor), on the other side, hereinafter together referred to as Parties, have concluded this agreement (hereinafter referred to as Agreement) on publication of scientific work (hereinafter referred to as Work) in the JOURNAL OF MODERN ONCOLOGY (hereinafter referred to as the Journal) un…
items: Evaluation of drug-drug interactions in patients receiving FOLFOX chemotherapy: A prospective study
items: Development of diabetes mellitus on the background of immunotherapy in patients with malignant neoplasms: A retrospective study
items: Safety and toxicity of first-line combination therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: A real-world retrospective study
items: Myelodysplastic syndrome during therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A clinical case
items: Following in the footsteps of ASCO-2025: TOP studies that will change the treatment strategy of advanced HR+ and HER2+ breast cancer. A review
items: Prospects for molecular profiling in bladder cancer stratification and treatment. A review
items: Comparative analysis of reconstruction methods in patients with breast cancer using cell-based technologies
items: Ultrasonic contrast enhancement and detection of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer: A prospective single-center study
items: Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound in preoperative T and N staging of gastric cancer: results of single-center retrospective analysis
items: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1815-1434/article/view/363024
items: Adjuvant targeted therapy in patients with skin melanoma: evidence from Russian real-world clinical practice (RATIONALE study)
items: Cabozantinib in the treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: A review
items: New approaches in the treatment of aggressive subtypes of endometrial cancer and the prognostic role of HER2 status of the tumor: A systematic review
items: Real-world efficacy and safety of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in advanced renal cell carcinoma: Updated data from a Russian observational study
items: Supportive care in oncology as a key to success. A review
items: Common forms of basal cell carcinoma of the skin: The first experience with sonidegib in the B-SURE observational study in Russia
items: Laparoscopic heminephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma of the horseshoe kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease with a transplanted kidney: A clinical case
items: In memory of Professor Evgeny Alexandrovich Osmanov
items: Erratum in "Results of lenvatinib as first-line targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular cancer: A retrospective study" (DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2025.2.203293)

Evaluation of drug-drug interactions in patients receiving FOLFOX chemotherapy: A prospective study
type: item
description: Aim. To evaluate the frequency and clinical significance of drug-drug interactions (DDI) in patients receiving drug antitumor therapy using the Drugs® and Medscape® DDI calculators. Materials and methods. The study included 282 patients with a mean age of 65 years (36–84) who received FOLFOX chemotherapy, of whom 151 (53%) were males and 131 (47%) were females. At the start of the first course of chemotherapy, 214 (75%) patients were receiving concomitant therapy on a regular basis. Results. The odds of severe toxicity in patients receiving concomitant therapy were 2.720 times higher [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.025–7.218; p=0.038]. Patients with strong DDI were statistically significantly more likely to develop mucositis after the first course of drug antitumor therapy: 14 (38.9%) vs 36 (20.2%) according to Drugs®, p=0.041; 22 (33.3%) vs 28 (18.9%) according to Medscape®; p=0.036. Similar results were obtained in a subgroup of patients at risk of QT prolongation according to Drugs® – 10 (52.6%) vs 40 (20.5%); p<0.001. Patients taking calcium channel blockers were statistically significantly more likely to develop dose-limiting toxicity: 18 (40.9%) vs 52 (21.8%). The odds of dose-limiting toxicity were 2.476 times higher: 95% CI 1.261–4.864; p=0.007. Conclusion. The incidence of DDI in patients with gastrointestinal tumors receiving FOLFOX best supportive therapy can be as high as 90.2%, with one in three DDI classified as serious. Drugs® and Medscape® DDI services cover only 80% of concomitant medications and are not adapted to oncology, necessitating the development of more versatile approaches.
creator: Denis S. Fedorinov
creator: Marina A. Lyadova
creator: Vladimir K. Lyadov
creator: Dmitry A. Sychev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 162
ending page: 167
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203314

Development of diabetes mellitus on the background of immunotherapy in patients with malignant neoplasms: A retrospective study
type: item
description: Background. Endocrinopathies are a subset of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICTI) immunotherapy, of which diabetes mellitus (irDM) is one of the most serious. Aim. To describe peculiarities of DM development against the background of immunotherapy in patients with malignant neoplasms on the example of a series of clinical cases. Materials and methods. Seven patients with melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and renal cancer aged 43 to 69 years, who developed DM against the background of immunotherapy (nivolumab, ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab both as monotherapy and combined treatment) were included in the retrospective study. Results. Partial response was observed in 1 patient, stabilization – in 6 patients. The median of time before the development of DM was 10.13 months. Complications of DM were observed in 4 patients, and other irAEs developed in 5 patients. Fatal outcome was observed in 2 patients, due to progression of the underlying disease (1 patient) and development of coma due to insulin-dependent DM (1 patient). Conclusion. IrDM is a rare but extremely serious complication of ICTI therapy that requires clear definition of diagnostic criteria. Identification of premorbid predictors of irDM may allow for targeted treatment trials and earlier detection of this complication of ICTI therapy.
creator: Marina A. Lyadova
creator: Olesya A. Pardabekova
creator: Denis S. Fedorinov
creator: Tatiana G. Antonova
creator: Elina A. Khachaturian
creator: Maxim M. Sobolev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 168
ending page: 172
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203304

Safety and toxicity of first-line combination therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: A real-world retrospective study
type: item
description: Background. Preference regimens in line 1 therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are combinations based on immuno-oncology (IO) drugs. The efficacy and safety of combination therapy have been demonstrated in large, randomized phase III clinical trials involving patients with satisfactory performance status and without severe organ dysfunction or comorbidities that could potentially impact treatment outcomes. The characteristics of patients receiving combination immunotherapy (IO-IO) or immunotargeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (IO-TKIs) in real-world practice generally differ significantly from the profile of patients who meet the inclusion criteria for registration randomized clinical trials. The lack of comparative studies on IO-IO and IO-TKIs does not allow for a reasonable choice between these regimes in real-world practice, including from a safety perspective. Aim. Comparative assessment of safety and toxicity of first-line combination therapy in patients with advanced RCC treated with IO-IO or IO-TKIs in real-world practice. Materials and methods. A retrospective study conducted at the Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after S.S. Yudin from 07.07.2019 to 22.10.2024 included 194 patients ≥18 years old with verified advanced RCC who received first-line therapy with IO-IO [nivolumab with ipilimumab, 94 (48.5%) patients] or IO-TKIs [100 (51.5%) patients: pembrolizumab plus axitinib – 85 (43.7%), pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib – 10 (5.2%), nivolumab plus cabozantinib – 5 (2.6%)]. The median follow-up duration was 28.4 (1-63) months. In all patients during therapy, adverse events (AEs), dose reductions, interruptions in therapy, and discontinuations of therapy due to AEs were recorded. Results. No new safety signals emerged at a median duration of line 1 therapy of 11.1 (1.0-55.9) months. The incidence of any AE was 88.1%, including severe AEs in 42.3% of patients. The most common grade ≥3 AEs were hypertension (HTN) at 10.8%, transaminase inc…
creator: Tatiana A. Nersesova
creator: Maria I. Volkova
creator: Evgeniya S. Kuzmina
creator: Tatyana G. Antonova
creator: Elena V. Tsareva
creator: Olesia A. Stativko
creator: Yana V. Gridneva
creator: Vitalii A. Сherniaev
creator: Ilya A. Pokataev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 173
ending page: 180
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203377

Myelodysplastic syndrome during therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A clinical case
type: item
description: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in the treatment of patients with solid tumors and lymphoproliferative diseases. However, these agents may cause immune-mediated adverse events, including the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) as a rare but serious hematologic side effect. The development of MDS during ICI therapy is usually associated with hyperactivation of the immune system, leading to autoimmune damage to the bone marrow. A clinical case of MDS (refractory anemia without sideroblasts) during ICI therapy is presented. In a 77-year-old patient with stage IV melanoma without a primary site, a persistent decrease in hemoglobin was noted during combination immunotherapy (ipilimumab 1 mg/kg + + nivolumab 3 mg/kg). During the examination, other causes of anemia were excluded – the most common being deficiencies of iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid. A negative Coombs test and normal levels of bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase ruled out erythrocyte hemolysis. A decrease in the reticulocyte count and the appearance of a significant fraction of immature forms suggested bone marrow dysfunction. Prednisolone and erythropoietin therapy led to only a slight increase in hemoglobin levels, precluding continuation of ICI immunotherapy. Due to the lack of response to supportive therapy, the diagnostic evaluation was continued, and an iliac bone marrow biopsy was performed. The morphological study showed refractory anemia without sideroblasts, an MDS variant. Therefore, the anemia was due to a clonal erythropoietic disorder. This case highlights the need for a comprehensive anemia diagnosis in patients receiving ICIs. In the lack of a response to immunosuppression, after excluding other possible causes of anemia in cancer patients, clonal hematopoietic disorders, including MDS, should be considered. The concomitant MDS requires a multidisciplinary approach to balance the efficacy of cancer therapy with hematologic risks.
creator: Sophia A. Arkova
creator: Julia S. Mansurova
creator: Marina A. Lyadova
creator: Lali G. Babicheva
creator: Maksim M. Sobolev
creator: Tatiana G. Antonova
creator: Vladimir K. Lyadov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 181
ending page: 186
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203496

Following in the footsteps of ASCO-2025: TOP studies that will change the treatment strategy of advanced HR+ and HER2+ breast cancer. A review
type: item
description: This review summarizes the six most significant clinical studies on the treatment of advanced hormone-dependent and HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC), presented at the ASCO congress in 2025. Among the new data on overcoming hormone resistance, the assessment of overall survival in patients with early relapses with a PIK3CA gene mutation in the INAVO120 study, the idea of a molecular navigation strategy for switching hormonal treatment when an ESR1 gene mutation appears in the randomized clinical trial SERENA-6, as well as a biomarker analysis of the trastuzumab deruxtecan effectiveness in advanced BC with HER2-low/ultralow expression in the randomized clinical trial DESTINY-Breast06 require special attention. For the treatment of patients with advanced HER2+ BC, an analysis of the efficacy and safety of the combination of trastuzumab deruxtecan with pertuzumab in the first line of treatment, the possibility of reintroducing trastuzumab deruxtecan in case of interstitial pneumonitis, as well as a new direction in the treatment of luminal HER2+ variant using the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors with anti-HER2 therapy, are addressed.
creator: Irina V. Kolyadina
creator: Irina V. Poddubnaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 187
ending page: 197
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203471

Prospects for molecular profiling in bladder cancer stratification and treatment. A review
type: item
description: Modern trends in oncological care are based on the principles of precision medicine, which necessitates the identification of prognostic and predictive molecular genetic markers. The results of genomic profiling of bladder cancer (BC) represent a wide range of genes involved in carcinogenesis, but the functional significance and clinical potential of most of them have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to summarize modern scientific and practical data on the trends in precision medicine in the field of oncourology in BC. The materials for the study were domestic and foreign scientific databases, in particular the National Library of Medicine (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) using the electronic resource PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), eLIBRARY.RU (https://www.elibrary.ru/) and Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.ru/schhp?hl=ru), when searching by keywords: BC, urothelial carcinoma, NGS, molecular profiling, genes, FGFR3, TERT, PIK3CA, TP53, mutations, expression. An analytical review concerning clinical, pathomorphological and molecular genetic data on the problems of diagnosis and treatment of BC included reports on preclinical experimental and clinical studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, cohort randomized studies for the period 2002–2025. A number of studies have demonstrated the association of molecular genetic changes in genes encoding receptor and intracellular kinases (FGFR2/3, PIK3CA etc.) with early stages of BC carcinogenesis, provided that the multifactorial prognostic significance is variable, taking into account the availability of modern molecular-targeted drugs. In particular, a pan-FGFR inhibitor, erdafitinib, which has demonstrated its effectiveness, is currently approved for the treatment of common forms of BC. Taking into account the pathogenetic mechanisms, an important further prospect for the use of receptor and intracellular kinase inhibitors in BC is the development and introduction into clinical pract…
creator: Liudmila N. Lyubchenko
creator: Karina M. Сhernavina
creator: Koryun A. Ghazaryan
creator: Ivan N. Zaborskiy
creator: Oleg B. Karyakin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 198
ending page: 205
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203421

Comparative analysis of reconstruction methods in patients with breast cancer using cell-based technologies
type: item
description: Introduction. Autologous adipose tissue transplantation (AATT) with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in reconstructive and aesthetic breast surgery. However, differences in the methods of preparation of PRP and AATT, as well as in the approaches to the management of patients with breast cancer and without malignancies, require a comparative analysis to optimize clinical outcomes. Aim. To compare the surgical techniques and the results of PRP-assisted AATT in reconstructive and aesthetic breast surgery in three medical institutions in Russia and China. Materials and methods. Data from 84 patients in three centers were retrospectively analyzed: the Ruili Medical Cosmetic Hospital (RMCH, China, n=36), the Southeastern Hospital at Xiamen University (SEH, China, n=22), and the University Clinical Hospital No. 4 of the Sechenov University (UCH No. 4, Russia, n=26). Parameters of anesthesia, methods of harvesting and preparing AAT and PRP, the ratio of components, injection technique, and postoperative management were compared. Esthetic outcomes, graft survival, and complications were assessed. Results. In RMCH and SEH (aesthetic breast surgery), the volume of injected AAT was 150–250 mL per breast. The breast circumference increased by 3.19-6.28 cm after 6–12 months; 86–89% of patients achieved satisfactory results after 1–2 procedures. In UCH No. 4 (reconstruction after breast cancer), the volume of injected AAT was 50–100 mL per breast. The thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer increased by 1.4 cm (at 6 months) and 1.1 cm (at 12 months). Ten patients achieved the result after one procedure, while 16 required 2–3 lipofilling procedures. No complications were reported, and the graft survival rate did not correlate with the AAT volume. Conclusion. PRP-assisted AATT is effective and safe for aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery. In patients with malignancies, a smaller volume of AAT and repeated procedures can provide correction of cicatricial defects and …
creator: Shuowen Wang
creator: Madina P. Baranova
creator: Daria V. Abbasova
creator: Xiangyi Kong
creator: Zhongzhao Wang
creator: Zeting Zhou
creator: Tatiana V. Khorobryh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 206
ending page: 211
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203331

Ultrasonic contrast enhancement and detection of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer: A prospective single-center study
type: item
description: Background. For a personalized approach and the choice of treatment for patients with breast cancer (BC), the correct staging of the tumor process, including the assessment of the status of regional lymph nodes (LN), remains an important task. After the introduction of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) concept into clinical practice, it became possible to remove only one LN through which lymph drainage from the mammary gland occurs and to assess its status during urgent and planned histological examination. At the current stage of oncology and radiological diagnostic method development, SLNs are primarily detected using isotopic and fluorescent drugs. The most promising areas include the use of the SLN detection technique with an ultrasonic sulfur hexafluoride contrast medium. This technique is being gradually integrated into clinical practice due to its high diagnostic value; however, it is necessary to detail its diagnostic capabilities, develop utilization algorithms, and establish specific indications for its use. Aim. To study the possibilities of using an ultrasound contrast medium, sulfur hexafluoride, in the SLN detection, to identify the main enhancement patterns, and to determine the contrast uptake features of SLN with metastatic lesions in patients with BC. Materials and methods. The prospective study was conducted at the Department of Breast Pathology and the Imaging Department of the Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology from May to October 2024. This part of the study included 144 patients (91 with stage I surgery and 53 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) with primary resectable stage I-IIIa BC (cT1-3N0-1M0), the average age was 52.4 years. The detection technique using ultrasonic imaging was performed with paraareolar and intradermal injections of the sulfur hexafluoride contrast medium on the affected side. Imaging with contrast enhancement was performed on the Mindray Resona 7 Diagnostic Ultrasound System (P…
creator: Yury V. Bikeev
creator: Mariya V Rodionova
creator: Alexander N. Sencha
creator: Irina V. Kolyadina
creator: Valerii V. Rodionov
creator: Vlada V. Kometova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 212
ending page: 219
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203373

Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound in preoperative T and N staging of gastric cancer: results of single-center retrospective analysis
type: item
description: The optimal treatment strategy for patients with early and locally advanced forms of gastric cancer directly depends on the stage of TNM, which determines the importance of accurate preoperative staging. In accordance with international guidelines, the combination of gastroscopy and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is an integral part of the standard examination protocol. Aim. Assess the accuracy of EUS in assessing the T and N stage in gastric cancer. Materials and methods. Patients with gastric cancer who received surgical treatment without prior chemotherapy were included in the study. All patients were staged by gastroscopy with EUS and CT scan. Following radical gastric resection, the pathological T-stage (pT) and N-stage (pN) were compared with preoperative stage (uT-stage and uN-stage). Results. 174 patients were included in the study. The sensitivity of EUS ranged from 24 (for T4) to 63.9% (for T2). Specificity ranged from 65.9 (for T2) to 92.4% (for T4). Accuracy was 70.52, 65.32, 72.99 and 81.03% for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The T-stage was determined correctly in 66.7% of cases with T1a, in 50% of cases with T1b, in 32.9% of cases with T2, in 44.7% of cases with T3, and in 33.3% of cases with T4a. In patients with T2 tumors, where the greatest frequency of misstaging was observed, underestimation of the T-stage occurred in 30% of cases, overestimation – in 37.1% of cases. For N-staging, EUS has a sensitivity of 23.5%, specificity of 89.6% and an accuracy of 63.79%. Conclusion. EUS is mandatory part of the initial staging of patients with gastric cancer. For any T-stage, EUS often overestimated the stage rather than underestimated the true extent of tumor invasion. The accuracy of diagnosis is influenced by histological features of the tumor, such as the diffuse type and signet-ring cell carcinoma. Diagnostic value of EUS in N-staging is low.
creator: Vladislav E. Bugaev
creator: Sergey N. Nered
creator: Ivan S. Stilidi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 220
ending page: 224
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203378

https://journal-vniispk.ru/1815-1434/article/view/363024
type: item
title: Comparative efficacy and safety of prolgolimab + nurulimab and nivolumab + ipilimumab in the first-line therapy of metastatic or unresectable melanoma: A systematic review and matching-adjusted indirect comparison
description: Background. Metastatic and unresectable melanoma is considered as one of the most aggressive oncological diseases with a high mortality rate. In Russia, two first line immunotherapy combinations have been approved: nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO+IPI) and prolgolimab plus nurulimab (PROLGO+NURU). Both regimens use dual immune checkpoint blockade targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). However, the lack of direct randomized comparisons between these regimens makes it difficult to choose the optimal first-line therapy. Aim. This analysis evaluated the relative efficacy and safety of PROLGO+NURU versus NIVO 1 mg/kg + IPI 3 mg/kg (NIVO 1 + IPI 3) and NIVO 3 mg/kg + IPI 1 mg/kg (NIVO 3 + IPI 1) in patients with metastatic and unresectable melanoma using matching-adjusted indirect comparisons (MAICs). Materials and methods. A systematic literature review was performed in Embase and PubMed databases. Three phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included: OCTAVA (PROLGO+NURU, n=135), CheckMate 067 (NIVO 1 mg/kg + IPI 3 mg/kg, n=314), and CheckMate 511 (two regimens: NIVO 1 mg/kg + IPI 3 mg/kg, n=178; NIVO 3 mg/kg + IPI 1 mg/kg, n=180). Individual patient data (IPD) on outcomes and baseline characteristics for PROLGO+NURU were obtained from the OCTAVA trial. For the NIVO + IPI arms, IPD on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were reconstructed using Guyot’s algorithm from the published Kaplan–Meier curves, and aggregated baseline-characteristic data were extracted. Pairwise unanchored MAICs were performed, weighting on key prognostic factors and effect modifiers: baseline lactate dehydrogenase levels, TNM-defined presence of distant metastasis (M-stage), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, BRAF-mutation status, PD-L1 expression <5%, age, and sum of longest diameters of target lesions. To address partial population non-overlap – specifically, the abse…
creator: Alexander A. Fedenko
creator: Mariya V. Sedova
creator: Alina A. Kolomeytseva
creator: Maxim A. Batov
creator: Olga N. Mironenko
creator: Kirill V. Sapozhnikov
creator: Natalia A. Sableva
creator: Andrey A. Lazarev
creator: Daria G. Tolkacheva
creator: Valentina D. Batorova
creator: Igor V. Samoylenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 225
ending page: 245
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203473

Adjuvant targeted therapy in patients with skin melanoma: evidence from Russian real-world clinical practice (RATIONALE study)
type: item
description: Background. Adjuvant targeted therapy (ATT) with a combination of dabrafenib and trametinib after radical surgical treatment in patients with stage III skin melanoma (SM) with a BRAF V600 mutation reduces the risk of disease recurrence. The effectiveness of this approach has been demonstrated in randomized clinical trials, and also confirmed in several large non-Russian real-world (RW) studies. Aim. To evaluate, in RW settings, the effectiveness of ATT with a combination of dabrafenib and trametinib after definitive surgical treatment in patients with BRAF V600-positive SM in Russia. Materials and methods. The RATIONALE study is a prospective, non-interventional, multicenter RW study. The follow-up duration for the study was 1 year. Patients with SM older than 18 years who had previously started dabrafenib and trametinib therapy no more than 8 weeks prior to Visit 1 were included in the study. The paper presents results from the analysis of Cohort 1 only (patients who received dabrafenib and trametinib in the adjuvant setting). Results. The cohort included 214 patients with BRAF V600-mutated SM of stages IIIA–D and IV resectable. At the time of therapy initiation, the majority of patients were stage IIIc (54.7%) or IIIb (22.0%). The most common mutation – BRAF V600E – occurred in 66.3% of cases, while the second most common variant – BRAF V600 not otherwise specified – was detected in 31.3%. One-year overall survival for all included patients was 94%, one-year relapse-free survival was 84%, and one-year distant metastasis-free survival was 86%. No previously listed adverse events were reported. Adverse events led to therapy discontinuation in only 11.7% of cases. ATT did not reduce patients' quality of life. In the subgroup analysis, the effectiveness of the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib after removal of distant metastases (equivalent to stage IV resectable) was found, in particular, the one-year relapse-free survival rate was 83%, and the one-year overal…
creator: Igor V. Samoylenko
creator: Kristina V. Orlova
creator: Denis A. Tantsyrev
creator: Sergey V. Sharov
creator: Alexander V. Sultanbaev
creator: Arshak A. Akopyan
creator: Nadezhda V. Leushina
creator: Elena I. Rossokha
creator: Akhmed Y. M.Z. Abdelgafur Omar
creator: Ilya A. Pokataev
creator: Tatiana V. Chupriianova
creator: Olga V. Romachuk
creator: Aleksandr V. Shkradiuk
creator: Natalia E. Musaeva
creator: Oleg V. Mironov
creator: Nataliia G. Riabets
creator: Olesya O. Shesterikova
creator: Iana A. Tiugina
creator: Ekaterina V. Zubkova
creator: Natalia V. Prokudina
creator: Kamilia D. Baturina
creator: Nataliya Iu. Dmitrieva
creator: Elena I. Ruzavina
creator: Veronika I. Ivanova-Radkevich
creator: Olga N. Matveeva
creator: Ekaterina V. Koga
creator: Lev V. Demidov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 246
ending page: 257
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203476

Cabozantinib in the treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: A review
type: item
description: The treatment strategy for patients with locally advanced and disseminated renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has undergone significant changes over the past 10 years. The emergence of effective antitumor immune response checkpoint inhibitors and high-affinity multikinase inhibitors of the second generation, the introduction of prognostic factors to personalize treatment, as well as the optimization of the sequence and combinations of drug regimens, have significantly increased the survival rates of patients with advanced RCC. Cabozantinib is one of the high-affinity multikinase inhibitors of the second generation with proven antitumor activity and safety in patients with advanced RCC. The results of registration studies contributed to the introduction of cabozantinib, both as monotherapy and in combination with nivolumab, into international and Russian clinical guidelines for the treatment of RCC patients across a wide range of indications. The launch of Cabozantinib-Promomed on the Russian market expands access to this treatment option for patients with RCC. The article presents the results of clinical studies of cabozantinib in patients with locally advanced and disseminated RCC, as well as bioequivalence studies of Cabozantinib.
creator: Maria I. Volkova
creator: Kirill A. Turupaev
creator: Tatiana A. Nersesova
creator: Kira Y. Zaslavskaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 258
ending page: 266
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203335

New approaches in the treatment of aggressive subtypes of endometrial cancer and the prognostic role of HER2 status of the tumor: A systematic review
type: item
description: Background. Endometrial cancer (EC) remains one of the most pressing problems in gynecological oncology. Aggressive histological subtypes of EC (serous, clear cell, carcinosarcoma) are characterized by an insufficient response to standard therapy and a poor prognosis. The above subtypes have a high rate (up to 49%) of HER2 positivity and a strong association with the p53-aberrant molecular profile, which presents potential opportunities for targeted therapy. Aim. To review current data on approaches to the diagnosis of HER2 status, the effectiveness of anti-HER2 therapy, and the prognostic role of HER2 status of the tumor in aggressive subtypes of EC. Materials and methods. A systematic search of publications was conducted in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Elibrary.ru databases for 2000–2024. Key words and their combinations were used: “endometrial cancer,” “serous carcinoma,” “carcinosarcoma,” “HER2,” “ERBB2,” “targeted therapy,” “trastuzumab,” “trastuzumab deruxtecan,” “disitamab vedotin,” “endometrial cancer,” “uterine serous carcinoma,” “carcinosarcoma,” “HER2-positive,” “targeted therapy.” The inclusion criteria were met by original studies, literature reviews, meta-analyses, and case reports on the prevalence of HER2 positivity, the efficacy of anti-HER2 therapy, and the prognostic role of HER2 status in aggressive histologic subtypes of EC. Excluded from the search were articles that have not been reviewed, as well as publications that do not report data on methods for determining HER2 status (immunohistochemistry, FISH method) or response to treatment. Results. Significant heterogeneity of HER2 expression was found with a maximum frequency in serous EC (49%) and carcinosarcoma (40%). HER2-positivity has been shown to be associated with a 45% reduction in overall survival (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.2; p<0,001). Therapeutic studies have demonstrated the high efficacy of trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in the primary treatment of serous EC (…
creator: Valeriya V. Saevets
creator: Nikita K. Kuzmin
creator: Anna Y. Shamanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 267
ending page: 274
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203442

Real-world efficacy and safety of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in advanced renal cell carcinoma: Updated data from a Russian observational study
type: item
description: Background. A Russian phase IV observational study was initiated to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib with pembrolizumab (Len-Pembro) in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) receiving therapy in real-world practice. This article is based on the results of the third analysis conducted with a median follow-up of 23.1 months and reflects data on the efficacy and safety of Len-Pembro in Russian patients. Aim. To evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of Len-Pembro in patients with advanced RCC with a median follow-up increased to 23.1 months. The primary outcome of the study was progression-free survival (PFS), the secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival on next-line therapy (PFS2), objective response rate (ORR), duration of response, as well as safety. Materials and methods. The study included data from 165 patients with verified advanced RCC who received Len-Pembro at 36 centers in the Russian Federation from February 05, 2018 to July 30, 2025. The median age was 60 (20–76) years, and 70.3% of the participants were male. Most patients (74.6%) presented with Karnofsky performance score of ≥80%, metachronous metastases (50.9%) of clear cell RCC (93.3%) in >1 organ (75.2%), and had not received any anticancer treatment (91.0%). The IMDC favorable prognosis group included 40 (24.2%), intermediate – 92 (55.8%), and unfavorable prognosis – 33 (20.0%) patients. The median follow-up reached 23.1 (0.5–72.9) months. A total of 110 (66.7%) patients completed Len-Pembro therapy, and 51 (30.9%) patients received next-line treatment. Results. Median PFS reached 25.8 (95% confidence interval – CI 17.0–34.5) months, 23-month PFS – 52.6%; median OS was 39.9 (95% CI 26.9–52.8) months, 23-month OS – 73.1%; median PFS2 was 33.2 (95% CI 23.4–41.1) months, 23-month PFS2 – 66.9%. The ORR was 49.1%, including 3.0% of complete responses, and the disease control rate was 89.1%. The median duration of response reached 29.7 (95%…
creator: Maria I. Volkova
creator: Alexey S. Kalpinskiy
creator: Olesya A. Goncharova
creator: Konstantin V. Menshikov
creator: Olesia A. Stativko
creator: Elena V. Karabina
creator: Aleksandr S. Dergunov
creator: Natalya I. Polshina
creator: Elena N. Alexandrova
creator: Andrey A. Lebedinets
creator: Alexey K. Panov
creator: Alexander V. Sultanbaev
creator: Evgeny A. Usynin
creator: Mikhail V. Volkonskiy
creator: Viktorya V. Mikhalyuk
creator: Ruslan A. Zukov
creator: Yulia V. Anzhiganova
creator: Magomed A. Gusniev
creator: Elena N. Igumnova
creator: Svetlana V. Kuzmicheva
creator: Ilya A. Pokataev
creator: Anna S. Olshanskaya
creator: Natalia I. Pervakova
creator: Elvira L. Parsadanova
creator: Tatyana A. Sannikova
creator: Alexandr A. Bystrov
creator: Daria M. Dubovichenko
creator: Miliausha R. Mukhitova
creator: Viacheslav A. Chubenko
creator: Konstantin A. Shkret
creator: Mariya N. Gorshenina
creator: Andrey V. Semenov
creator: Mavzhuda K. Davlatova
creator: Alina E. Kosareva
creator: Olga A. Lutoshkina
creator: Oxana A. Maslova
creator: Anna V. Tarasova
creator: Anna V. Mishina
creator: Makhabbat Zh. Murzalina
creator: Oksana A. Podyacheva
creator: Sergey A. Kalinin
creator: Ovsep A. Mailyan
creator: Alfiya R. Safarova
creator: Ksenia O. Semenova
creator: Mariya A. Strokova
creator: Ekaterina Y. Urashkina
creator: Olesya S. Shmygina
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 275
ending page: 283
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203443

Supportive care in oncology as a key to success. A review
type: item
description: The timely selection of appropriate supportive therapy for patients with malignancies is one of the priority tasks of the modern health care system due to the persistent high prevalence, the rapid expansion of antitumor drug therapies, and the increase in the life expectancy of patients. In addition to serious, potentially life-threatening complications, less severe adverse reactions (ADRs) often occur in patients during anticancer therapy, significantly reducing their quality of life. Optimal treatment outcomes, reducing the incidence of complications, and increasing treatment adherence can be achieved by integrating individualized supportive care regimens into a comprehensive management plan for patients with cancer. In real-world practice, oncologists often refer patients with complications to specialized professionals, even in cases where the ADRs do not require third-party consultation, which leads to unreasonable delays in the necessary therapy. To enhance the effectiveness of supportive therapy, it is essential to develop and implement precise clinical algorithms that govern the management of various complications. Our review presents a scheme for the routing of patients with cancer, illustrated by the management of gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary ADRs.
creator: Oleg A. Gladkov
creator: Alexey V. Chzhao
creator: Liubov Y. Vladimirova
creator: Dina D. Sakaeva
creator: Polina S. Feoktistova
creator: Irina A. Koroleva
creator: Igor G. Bakulin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 284
ending page: 292
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203388

Common forms of basal cell carcinoma of the skin: The first experience with sonidegib in the B-SURE observational study in Russia
type: item
description: Background. Locally advanced (laBCC) and metastatic basal cell carcinoma of the skin (mBCC) have a poor prognosis. Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitors, such as vismodegib and sonidegib, are highly effective in treatment of advanced forms of BCC. Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sonidegib in the investigator-initiated observational study B-SURE (Basal cell carcinoma – Sonidegib Use in Real-world Evidence) in patients with laBCC and mBCC in real-world clinical practice in the Russian Federation as first-line therapy (in patients with no history of treatment with Hh inhibitors), as well as in patients with a history of treatment with vismodegib (another Hh pathway inhibitor). Materials and methods. The study included 10 patients, 9 with laBCC and 1 with mBCC. Patients visited clinical center in accordance with routine clinical practice and underwent standard procedures and examinations in accordance with clinical guidelines and the physician’s decision. Visit intervals were 3–4 months. Data on patients’ use of sonidegib was collected during visits to the clinical site, and the efficacy of sonidegib therapy was assessed according to RECIST 1.1 criteria. The patients also completed the EORTC QLQ-C30, version 3, and the EQ-5D-5L, version 1.2, before starting sonidegib therapy and every 3 months thereafter during routine visits to clinic. Results. At the time of data analysis (September 2025), the efficacy of sonidegib therapy was evaluated in 9 patients, while tolerability and safety were evaluated in all 10 patients. Three patients had a history of vismodegib therapy, which was discontinued due to disease progression (n=1), intolerance (n=1), and intolerance with a complete clinical response (n=1). The median time from diagnosis to the development of laBCC and mBCC was 67.5 months. In patients with no prior vismodegib treatment, objective responses were observed in 4 of 7 patients (2 complete, 2 partial responses), yielding an objective response rate (ORR) of 57%…
creator: Kristina V. Orlova
creator: Valeria V. Nazarova
creator: Natalia N. Petenko
creator: Lev V. Demidov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 293
ending page: 299
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203495

Laparoscopic heminephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma of the horseshoe kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease with a transplanted kidney: A clinical case
type: item
description: The horseshoe kidney (HK) is the most common congenital anomaly of the urinary system, detected in 0.25% of the population. It combines several anatomical defects, including ectopia, malrotation, anomalies of the collecting system, and variations in the blood supply, which are associated with complications that can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The use of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis for this indication is a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). HK is associated with various benign and malignant neoplasms. RCC and transitional cell carcinoma are the most common, accounting for 85% and 10% of all cases, respectively. According to the literature, renal transplant recipients are at an increased risk of RCC, predominantly involving their own kidneys. Additionally, kidney recipients who are on persistent immunosuppression are 4–15 times more likely to develop RCC. The article presents a unique case of surgical treatment of HK RCC in a 47-year-old patient who was treated for hypertension from the age of 20, and at the age of 36, he was diagnosed with HK according to ultrasound. At the age of 37, the patient developed ESRD. Peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis were performed, followed by cadaveric kidney allotransplantation at the age of 42. The patient received continuous immunosuppression. After 5 years, gross hematuria appeared. When examined with native X-ray computed tomography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, a rounded mass with a clear, even outer contour, measuring up to 73×80 mm in size, and a heterogeneous structure without invasion into the fat tissue was visualized in the left half of the HK in the middle segment. Laparoscopic heminephrectomy was performed on the left. Histological examination showed papillary RCC, the resection margins were negative. Creatinine levels were stable. Diagnosis: Stage III renal cell carcinoma pT3aN0M0R0. The patient was assessed after 16 months; no evidence of recurrence was found. The case…
creator: Ruslan N. Trushkin
creator: Nikolai A. Ognerubov
creator: Sergey A. Sokolov
creator: Stanislav I. Gorshkov
creator: Nikolai E. Shcheglov
creator: Teymur K. Isaev
creator: Aleksandr A. Sokolov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 300
ending page: 305
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203428

In memory of Professor Evgeny Alexandrovich Osmanov
type: item
creator: Team Editorial
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 306
ending page: 306

Erratum in "Results of lenvatinib as first-line targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular cancer: A retrospective study" (DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2025.2.203293)
type: item
description: In the article «Results of lenvatinib as first-line targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular cancer: A retrospective study», published in the Journal of Modern Oncology, Vol. 27, No. 2, 2025 (DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2025.2.203293), errors were made: the numerical data from Table 2 in four cells related to two columns (Median PFS and Median OS) were reversed. Data [12.7 (7.6-21.7)] were reversed with [6 (2.3-12.7)]; data [15.1 (3.9-43.8)] were reversed with [10.6 (1.8-16.1)].
creator: Elena Y. Antonova
creator: Irina A. Dzhanyan
creator: Konstantin K. Laktionov
creator: Igor V. Pogrebnyakov
creator: Ilya V. Savchenko
creator: Valeriy V. Breder
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Consilium Medicum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
volume: 27
number: 3
starting page: 307
ending page: 309
doi: 10.26442/18151434.2025.3.203427