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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">285169</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2025-53-002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The association between occupational noise exposure, hearing loss, and metabolic syndrome among workers in a textile factory: A cross-sectional study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ассоциация между воздействием производственного шума, тугоухостью и метаболическим синдромом у рабочих текстильной фабрики: исследование поперечного типа</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3040-0138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Taheria</surname><given-names>Kiana</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тахерия</surname><given-names>Киана</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Occupational Medicine Specialist, Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профпатолог, кафедра профпатологии медицинского института</p></bio><email>taheria.kiana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0650-6654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mohammadi</surname><given-names>Saber</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мохаммади</surname><given-names>Сабер</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD,<bold> </bold>Professor, Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры профпатологии медицинского института</p></bio><email>mohammadi.s@iums.ac.ir</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0443-4717</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hosseininejad</surname><given-names>Mahin</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хоссейнинеджад</surname><given-names>Махин</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры профпатологии медицинского института</p></bio><email>hoseininejad.m@iums.ac.ir</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Iran University of Medical Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иранский университет медицинских наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>53</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-26"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Taheria K., Mohammadi S., Hosseininejad M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Тахерия К., Мохаммади С., Хоссейнинеджад М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Taheria K., Mohammadi S., Hosseininejad M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тахерия К., Мохаммади С., Хоссейнинеджад М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal-vniispk.ru/2072-0505/article/view/285169">https://journal-vniispk.ru/2072-0505/article/view/285169</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Rationale:</bold> Previous studies have examined the relationship between noise exposure and hearing loss with metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the results have been inconsistent.</p> <p><bold>Aim:</bold> To assess an association between noise exposure, hearing loss, and the status of MetS.</p> <p><bold>Methods:</bold> This cross-sectional study was carried out in 950 employees of a textile factory in 2023. Participants were categorized into two groups based on their noise exposure: under 85 dB versus 85–90 dB. Hearing loss was defined as a mean hearing threshold exceeding 25 dB in either or both ears within the relevant frequency ranges. MetS was diagnosed with the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel and Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Demographic, medical, and occupational data were collected during periodic examinations. Then, the relationship between MetS and its components with noise exposure and hearing loss was examined.</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> The median age of the study population was 33 years (IQR 28 to 38 years) and the median work experience was 3 years (IQR 2 to 9 years). 864 (90.9%) of the subjects were male, 774 (81.5%) were married, and 848 (89.3%) had shift work. 10.8% (n = 103) of the participants were diagnosed with MetS, and 72% (n = 684) had exposure to noise levels greater than 85 dB. Increased waist circumference (odds ratio (OR) = 1.61; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20–2.17, p = 0.002), elevated triglycerides (OR = 2.03; 95% CI 1.36–3.02, p &lt; 0.001), and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (OR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.28–2.29, p &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with the noise exposure. There was also a significant relationship between MetS components and high-frequency hearing thresholds. Specifically, hearing loss at higher frequencies in both ears was linked to elevated fasting blood sugar, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and low HDL.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Our study showed a significant association between noise exposure and components of MetS including increased waist circumference, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol. In addition, based on initial analysis, there was a significant association between MetS and its components, including dysregulated glucose and lipids, and elevated diastolic blood pressure, with the median hearing threshold at higher frequencies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Рeзультаты исследований, в которых изучали связь между неблагоприятным воздействием шума на орган слуха и метаболическим синдромом, противоречивы.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> – оценить ассоциацию между воздействием производственного шума, снижением слуха и параметрами метаболического синдрома.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> Данное исследование поперечного типа проведено в 2023 г. у 950 работников текстильной фабрики. Участников исследования распределили в две группы в зависимости от уровня шума – до 85 дБ и от 85 до 90 дБ. Снижение слуха определяли как средний слуховой порог более 25 дБ в одном или обоих ушах в пределах соответствующих частотных диапазонов. Диагноз метаболического синдрома ставили в соответствии с критериями экспертной группы по лечению взрослых III Национальной образовательной программы США по холестерину (NCEP – ATP III). Сбор демографических данных, оценку состояния здоровья и вредности условий труда производили во время периодических медицинских осмотров. Далее изучали связь между метаболическим синдромом и его компонентами с воздействием производственного шума.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Медиана возраста участников исследования составила 33 года [28; 38], медиана стажа работы – 3 года [2; 9]. Подавляющее большинство были мужского пола (90,9%, n = 864), женаты (81,5%, n = 774), работали посменно (89,3%, n = 848). Диагноз метаболического синдрома был поставлен 10,8% (n = 103) обследованных; 72% (n = 684) подвергались воздействию производственного шума более 85 дБ. С воздействием производственного шума были значимо ассоциированы увеличение окружности талии (отношение шансов (ОШ) 1,61; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,20–2,17, p = 0,002), гипертриглицеридемия (ОШ 2,03; 95% ДИ 1,36–3,02, p &lt; 0,001) и снижение уровня липопротеинов высокой плотности (ЛВП) (ОШ 1,71; 95% ДИ 1,28–2,29, p &lt; 0,001). Кроме того, выявлена значимая связь между компонентами метаболического синдрома и высокочастотными слуховыми порогами, а именно, двустороннее снижение слуха на высоких частотах находилось в ассоциации с гипергликемией натощак, повышенными показателями диастолического артериального давления и триглицеридов и низким уровнем ЛВП.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Наше исследование выявило значимую ассоциацию между воздействием производственного шума и такими компонентами метаболического синдрома, как увеличенная окружность талии, высокие уровни триглицеридов и низкие – холестерина ЛВП. По данным первоначального анализа, обнаружена также значимая ассоциация между метаболическим синдромом и его компонентами, включая нарушения углеводного и липидного обмена, повышение диастолического артериального давления, с одной стороны, и медианой слухового порога на высоких частотах – с другой.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hearing loss</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>occupational noise exposure</kwd><kwd>textile factory</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тугоухость</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>воздействие производственного шума</kwd><kwd>текстильная фабрика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart JC, James WP, Loria CM, Smith SC Jr; International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; International Association for the Study of Obesity. 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