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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">285170</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2025-53-004</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and risk factor assessment in breast cancer survivors exposed to cardiotoxic therapy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Кардиоваскулярные факторы риска и клинико-функциональные характеристики пациенток, перенесших кардиоваскулотоксичное противоопухолевое лечение по поводу рака молочной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-3416</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vitsenya</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виценя</surname><given-names>Марина Вячеславна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Outpatient Treatment and Diagnostic Technologies Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отдела амбулаторных лечебно-диагностических технологий</p></bio><email>marinavitsenya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3753-1860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barinova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баринова</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Cardiologist, Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-кардиолог отделения кардиореабилитации</p></bio><email>ndo-barinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4165-804X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogosova</surname><given-names>Nana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погосова</surname><given-names>Нана Вачиковна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Deputy General Director for Scientific and Analytical Work and Preventive Cardiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель генерального директора по научно-аналитической работе и профилактической кардиологии</p></bio><email>nanapogosova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0702-661X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Terteryan</surname><given-names>Tatevik A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тертерян</surname><given-names>Татевик Арменовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist, Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-кардиолог отделения кардиореабилитации</p></bio><email>terteryant@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-5373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchiev</surname><given-names>David T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучиев</surname><given-names>Давид Таймуразович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist, Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-кардиолог отделения кардиореабилитации</p></bio><email>david988721@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2670-140X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrushcheva</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрущева</surname><given-names>Юлия Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Nutritionist, Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-диетолог отделения кардиореабилитации</p></bio><email>ylvictor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5298-6084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимова</surname><given-names>Анна Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Psychologist, Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>медицинский психолог отделения кардиореабилитации</p></bio><email>anna.al.gerasimova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8911-1628</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Research Fellow, Myocardial Fibrosis and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории фиброза миокарда и сердечной недостаточности с сохраненной фракцией выброса</p></bio><email>anastasia.m088@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4649-7004</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimova</surname><given-names>Nursiyat M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимова</surname><given-names>Нурсият Магомедалиевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Functional Diagnostics Doctor, Consultative and Diagnostic Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач функциональной диагностики консультативно-диагностического центра</p></bio><email>nursik0205@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-2331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolkova</surname><given-names>Olga O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролкова</surname><given-names>Ольга Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-кардиолог</p></bio><email>olya_doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4369-1393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageev</surname><given-names>Fail T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеев</surname><given-names>Фаиль Таипович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Chief Research Fellow, Outpatient Treatment and Diagnostic Technologies Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотр. отдела амбулаторных лечебно-диагностических технологий</p></bio><email>ftageev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after Academician E.I. Chazov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Municipal Oncologic Hospital No. 62</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Московская городская онкологическая больница № 62 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>53</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-26"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Vitsenya M.V., Barinova I.V., Pogosova N.V., Terteryan T.A., Kuchiev D.T., Khrushcheva Y.V., Gerasimova A.A., Filatova A.Y., Ibragimova N.M., Frolkova O.O., Ageev F.T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Виценя М.В., Баринова И.В., Погосова Н.В., Тертерян Т.А., Кучиев Д.Т., Хрущева Ю.В., Герасимова А.А., Филатова А.Ю., Ибрагимова Н.М., Фролкова О.О., Агеев Ф.Т.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vitsenya M.V., Barinova I.V., Pogosova N.V., Terteryan T.A., Kuchiev D.T., Khrushcheva Y.V., Gerasimova A.A., Filatova A.Y., Ibragimova N.M., Frolkova O.O., Ageev F.T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Виценя М.В., Баринова И.В., Погосова Н.В., Тертерян Т.А., Кучиев Д.Т., Хрущева Ю.В., Герасимова А.А., Филатова А.Ю., Ибрагимова Н.М., Фролкова О.О., Агеев Ф.Т.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal-vniispk.ru/2072-0505/article/view/285170">https://journal-vniispk.ru/2072-0505/article/view/285170</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background:</bold> Patients having been treated for breast cancer (BC) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Participation of patients with high cardiovascular risk (CVR) in comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programs seems to be a promising area of prevention; however, at present there is no understanding of the scope of the need for such programs in Russia.</p> <p><bold>Aim:</bold> To evaluate the frequency of CVDs and their risk factors, and total CVR in BC patients who have undergone cardiotoxic antitumor treatment to determine the need for the development of cardiac rehabilitation programs in this patient category.</p> <p><bold>Methods: </bold>This was a single center cross-sectional study performed in 2021 to 2023 in a specialized cardiology clinic in 90 women who had undergone cardiotoxic breast cancer therapy. The patients were examined for CVDs and their risk factors, with assessment of clinical status, serum lipids, glucose, creatinine, and C-reactive protein, levels of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), stress (Visual Analog Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire). Electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, exercise tolerance ECG test, including cardiorespiratory exercise test (n = 53), and bioimpedancemetry (n = 83) were also performed.</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> The median patient age was 49 [46; 56] years. All patients (100%) had undergone surgery and anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The median time after the end of anthracycline-based chemotherapy was 36 [11.8; 56.5] months. Radiation therapy had been performed in 68 (75.6%) patients, including 42 patients with left-sided BC. Nine (10%) patients were smokers, 52 (57.8%) were overweight or obese, 37 (41.1%) had abdominal obesity, 70 (77.8%) dyslipidemia, 42 (46.7%) arterial hypertension, and 6 (6.7%) diabetes mellitus. Insufficient physical activity was reported by 69 (76.7%) patients. The cardiorespiratory endurance was reduced, with median peak oxygen consumption being 71% of the predicted values. Anxiety symptoms were found in 45 (50%) patients, depressive symptoms in 16 (17.8%), high stress levels in 51 (56.7%), and sleep disorders in 80 (88.9%). Heart failure was diagnosed in 11 (12.2%) patients, coronary heart disease in 1 (1.1%), and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 3 (3.3%). Fifty six (56, 62.2%) patients had a high/very high CVR (according to the 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> There is a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the patients who underwent cardiotoxic antitumor treatment for BC. The most frequent CVD was heart failure; two thirds of the patients had a high cardiovascular risk. Given the prevalence of BC in Russia, there is a clear need to develop programs for cardiac rehabilitation and CVD prevention in this patient category.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> У пациенток, пролеченных по поводу рака молочной железы (РМЖ), повышен риск развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ). Перспективным направлением профилактики представляется участие больных с высоким сердечно-сосудистым риском (ССР) в комплексных программах кардиологической реабилитации, однако в настоящее время нет понимания масштаба потребности в подобных программах в России.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> – оценить частоту выявления ССЗ и их факторов риска, суммарный ССР у больных РМЖ, перенесших кардиоваскулотоксичное противоопухолевое лечение, для определения потребности в разработке программ кардиологической реабилитации у данной категории лиц.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Проведено одноцентровое одномоментное исследование. В период с 2021 по 2023 г. в специализированной кардиологической клинике обследовано 90 женщин, перенесших кардиоваскулотоксичное противоопухолевое лечение по поводу РМЖ. Определяли наличие ССЗ и их факторов риска. Оценивали клиническое состояние, уровни липидов, глюкозы, креатинина, С-реактивного белка, физической активности (опросник IPAQ), стресса (визуальная аналоговая шкала), выраженность тревоги и депрессии (Госпитальная шкала тревоги и депрессии – HADS), качество сна (Питтсбургский опросник качества сна). Выполнены электрокардиография (ЭКГ), эхокардиография, ЭКГ-проба с физической нагрузкой, в том числе кардиореспираторный нагрузочный тест (n = 53), биоимпедансометрия (n = 83).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Медиана возраста пациенток составила 49 [46; 56] лет. Всем пациенткам (100%) проведены оперативное лечение и антрациклин-содержащая химиотерапия. Медиана времени после завершения антрациклин-содержащей химиотерапии составила 36 [11,8; 56,5] месяцев. Лучевая терапия проведена 68 (75,6%) пациенткам, в том числе 42 больным на левую молочную железу. Курение выявлено у 9 (10%), избыточная масса тела и ожирение – у 52 (57,8%), абдоминальное ожирение – у 37 (41,1%), дислипидемия – у 70 (77,8%), артериальная гипертония – у 42 (46,7%), сахарный диабет – у 6 (6,7%) пациенток. О недостаточном уровне физической активности сообщили 69 (76,7%) пациенток. Уровень кардиореспираторной выносливости был снижен, медиана пикового потребления кислорода составила 71% от расчетных значений. У 45 (50%) пациенток выявлена тревожная, у 16 (17,8%) – депрессивная симптоматика, у 51 (56,7%) – высокий уровень стресса, у 80 (88,9%) – нарушение сна. Сердечная недостаточность диагностирована у 11 (12,2%), ишемическая болезнь сердца – у 1 (1,1%), пароксизмальная форма фибрилляции предсердий – у 3 (3,3%) обследованных. К категории высокого / очень высокого ССР (в соответствии с рекомендациями по кардиоонкологии Европейского общества кардиологов 2022 г.) относились 56 (62,2%) пациенток.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> У пациенток, перенесших кардиоваскулотоксичное противоопухолевое лечение по поводу РМЖ, отмечена высокая частота факторов риска ССЗ. Наиболее часто выявляемым ССЗ была сердечная недостаточность, две трети пациенток имели высокий ССР. Учитывая распространенность РМЖ в России, очевидна потребность в разработке программ кардиологической реабилитации и профилактики ССЗ у данной категории больных.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>antitumor treatment</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular toxicity</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular risk</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>противоопухолевое лечение</kwd><kwd>кардиоваскулотоксичность</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистый риск</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство здравоохранения РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>121031300223-4</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Greenlee H, Iribarren C, Rana JS, Cheng R, Nguyen-Huynh M, Rillamas-Sun E, Shi Z, Laurent CA, Lee VS, Roh JM, Santiago-Torres M, Shen H, Hershman DL, Kushi LH, Neugebauer R, Kwan ML. 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