卷 15, 编号 2 (2025)
Physics
Determination of some characteristics of copper laser radiation
摘要
Some amplification properties of the copper vapor laser active element GL-202 were studied. The radiation amplification coefficient in the experiments conducted with optimal heating of the active element reached a value of 204 ± 14 units.
5-10
Solving nonlinear transfer problems in condensed media by sequential approximation methods
摘要
The proposed work is devoted to the study of the boundary value problem for the modified equation of moisture transfer under stochastic conditions. Observations show that the initial information used in the Aller model is not deterministic, but is of a probabilistic nature. The work proposes iterative methods for solving the nonlinear Aller problem
11-14
The specific features of carbon nanotubes structure at their ultrasmall content in polymer nanocomposites
摘要
The structure of carbon nanotubes in polymer matrix of nanocomposites at their ultrasmall content (< 0,01) by volume was studied. It has been shown that in this case nanotubes form is approached to linear one. This leads to exceeding overstepping nanotubes effective characteristics by their nominal values. In its turn, this effect improves substantially nanocomposites properties.
15-19
Investigation of the composition and concentration of primordial radionuclides in tuff minerals
摘要
The degree of contamination of tuff minerals with primordial radionuclides was studied to develop recommendations for their use. The method is based on measuring the content of radionuclides by their specific activity under conditions of reduced cosmogenic background.
20-24
The role of synchronization of atomic vibrations and energy self-regulation in the formation of eutectic materials under contact melting conditions by
摘要
A hypothetical model of the initial stage of contact eutectic melting is proposed, explaining the phase transition through the synchronization of oscillations of atoms at the phase boundary, with a change in the contact temperature. Synchronization leads to a resonant increase in the amplitudes of atomic (molecule) oscillations, a decrease in their bond energy, and a transition to the liquid phase. The model is consistent with the classical phase diagram, where the eutectic point corresponds to the energetically favorable state of resonant melting. To analyze the eutectic behavior, heterogeneous systems were studied: non-metallic H2O– NaCl and metallic Ga–In and Al–Cu, in which intermetallic phases are formed. In all cases, a characteristic drop in temperature and transition to a liquid state upon reaching the eutectic are observed. The results confirm that local oscillatory processes play a key role in the formation of a liquid layer of eutectic composition, complementing traditional thermodynamic concepts.
25-29
Chemistry
Curing and properties of epoxy polymers containing hexachloroethane
摘要
The article provides information on the curing of epoxy oligomers containing hexachloroethane with various hardeners, and epoxy polymers with good technological properties have been obtained.
The influence of various factors on the duration of the curing process and the yield of products has been studied. The resulting new filling compounds had good thermal stability.
30-34
Synthesis and properties of epoxy oligomers containing hexachloroethane
摘要
The article provides information on the patterns of synthesis of epoxy oligomers from various phenols containing hexachloroethane with good technological properties. The influence of various factors on the duration of the process, the yield of reaction products, and the number of epoxy groups in synthesized chlorinecontaining epoxy oligomers has been studied. The results of kinetic studies of the synthesis of epoxy resins are presented. The resulting new filling compounds had good thermal stability.
35-41
Study of the process of gelling of apple mass
摘要
The results of the study of the biochemical composition of the apple mass of the Golden Delicious and Idared varieties grown in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, before and after long-term storage (six months or more), at a temperature of +2–5 C are discussed. The processes of gelation and the possibility of obtaining gelatinous products with functional properties, taking into account the shelf life of the products and poststorage effects are studied. The content of vitamin C and pectin substances before and after long-term storage (six months or more) are determined.
42-46
Synthesis, kinetic studies and study of thermal and thermo-oxidative properties of thiol-containing compounds as polymer stabilizers
摘要
Kinetic patterns of radical polymerization of a fluorinated monomer have been synthesized and investigated, and optimal parameters for polymer production have been determined. The issues of using the obtained polymers as stabilizers of industrial polymer materials are considered. In particular, studies have been conducted on the effect of benzothiazole groups on the process of thermal oxidative degradation and thermal decomposition of polymers and copolymers. The study of the initial stage of depolymerization of polystyrene and the stabilized sample showed that when using an oligomeric stabilizer polythiobenzthiazole methacrylate, as well as a synergistic mixture of PTBTM and phenyl-β-naphthylamine, a relatively large stabilization effect is achieved compared with an industrial stabilizer.
47-52
Copolymerization of vinyl monomers with compounds containing heterocyclic
摘要
The copolymerization of (meth)acrylyl chloride with methacrylate and chloroprene has been studied. The use of acrylic acid halides as the second comonomer is of great interest, since such copolymerization and subsequent substitution of mobile chlorine atoms with various functional groups makes it possible to synthesize copolymers with a complex of required properties.
53-59
Acid-base properties of diphenols in non-aqueous media
摘要
The acid-base properties of diphenols of various chemical structures in isopropyl alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and a mixture of tert-butyl alcohol and dimethyl sulfoxide were studied using the non-aqueous titration method.
60-64
Influence of the chemical structure of diphenols on the course of high-temperature nonequilibrium polycondensation reactions in the synthesis of polyarylates
摘要
Potentiometric titration and PMR spectroscopy in non-aqueous media determined quantitative physicochemical parameters reflecting the reactivity of diphenols and their conjugated diphenoxide anions. A large series of correlation relationships was obtained between the above parameters and data of kinetic studies of reactions of nonequilibrium high-temperature polyesterification in the synthesis of polyarylates and aromatic polyethers. The results of experimental and theoretical studies were the establishment of the mechanisms of these reactions.
65-69
Effect of biopolymers on inhibition of natural gas hydrate formation in mineralized reservoir wate
摘要
Currently, the problem of gas hydrate formation at all stages of extraction, preparation, and transport of fluids is relevant in Russia. The most common method of preventing unwanted hydrate formation is the use of substances that inhibit the growth of gas hydrates, known as inhibitors. This study examines the effect of environmentally friendly biopolymers on the rate of natural gas hydrate formation in mineralized water. It was found that the addition of biopolymers reduces the conversion of water into natural gas hydrate.
70-76
Assessment of the efficacy of guanidine-containing biocidal additives towards different microorganisms
摘要
Effect of a number of cationic polyelectolytes on the biofouling and physical and mechanical properties of polymer material based on styrene-acrylic water dispersion has been studied. The antifouling properties of the material were tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as micromycetes. The effective concentrations of the additives have been determined for inhibiting the formation of biofilm on the polymer surface.
77-83