Stroke risk factors in Bujumbura
- Authors: Nduwayo D.1, Havyarimana L.1, Sibomana T.1
-
Affiliations:
- University of Burundi
- Issue: Vol 28, No 2 (2024): CARDIOLOGY
- Pages: 172-177
- Section: CARDIOLOGY
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2313-0245/article/view/319758
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2024-28-1-172-177
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZVCAZJ
- ID: 319758
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Relevance. Stroke is a public health problem, with over 90 % of cases worldwide attributable to a combination of individual clinical or behavioural risk factors, which are generally classified as non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine the stroke risk factors prevalent among stroke patients in Bujumbura, the economic capital of Burundi. Materials and Methods. This was a descriptive and prospective study performed over a 6-month period from February to August 2020. 71 stroke patients who were hospitalized for a stroke confirmed by cerebral CT scan in the two teaching hospitals of Bujumbura were collected. Results and Discussion. Stroke risk factors were frequently found among stroke patients in Bujumbura. In fact, 91.55 % had at least one risk factor for stroke, with an average of 2.86 per patient. These factors are mainly cardiovascular (91.62 %), with hypertension accounting for the largest share (46.48 %), followed by regular alcohol consumption (33.80 %). Age was the most common non-modifiable risk factor in these patients, with 73.25 % aged over 50 and an average age of 59.87. There was a predominance of male patients, the sex ratio was 1.29. As in the literature, ischemic stroke predominated (69.01 %), while the recurrence rate was 14.6. Other risk factors that were found to be significant were sedentary lifestyle (26.76 %), diabetes (16.90 %), obesity (8.45 %) and smoking (5.63 %). The positive HIV/AIDS seroprevalence rate was 8.5 %, whereas the national prevalence rate was 2.97 %. Conclusion. Risk factors for stroke are found in the large majority of patients in Bujumbura. They are diverse, but are mainly dominated by cardiovascular pathologies, in particular hypertension.
Keywords
About the authors
Daniel Nduwayo
University of Burundi
Author for correspondence.
Email: danielnduwayo@yahoo.fr
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-8067-9223
Bujumbura, Burundi
Léonidas Havyarimana
University of Burundi
Email: danielnduwayo@yahoo.fr
Bujumbura, Burundi
Thierry Sibomana
University of Burundi
Email: danielnduwayo@yahoo.fr
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7042-1546
Bujumbura, Burundi
References
- Guzik A, Bushnell C. Stroke epidemiology and risk factor management. Continuum: Lifelong Learning in Neurology. 2017;23(1):15-39. doi: 10.1212/con.0000000000000416
- Arboix A. Cardiovascular risk factors for acute stroke: Risk profiles in the different subtypes of ischemic stroke. World Journal of Clinical Cases: WJCC.2015;3(5):418. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i5.418
- Matuja W, Janabi M, Kazema R, Mashuke D. Stroke subtypes in black tanzanians: a retrospective study of computerized tomography scan diagnoses at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es. Tropical Doctor. 2004;34(3):144-6. doi.org/10.1177/004947550403400305
- Owolabi MO, Sarfo F, Akinyemi R, Gebregziabher M, Akpa O, Akpalu A, Wahab K, Obiako R, Owolabi L, Ovbiagele B. Dominant modifiable risk factors for stroke in Ghana and Nigeria (SIREN): a case-control study. The Lancet Global Health.2018;6(4): e436-e46. doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30002-0
- Baransaka E, Nsabiyumva F, Ntagirabiri R, Ndikubagenzi J, Mbonicura JC. Aspects épidémiologique, clinique et évolutif des accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC) au CHU de Kamenge. Etude prospective sur 15 mois. Rev. Méd. de Bujumbura, 2012;24:38-45.
- Millogo A. Épidémiologie des facteurs de risques des AVC au Burkina Faso. Revue Neurologique, 2022;178: S164. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.02.067
- Starby H, Delavaran H, Andsberg G, Lövkvist H, Norrving B, Lindgren A. Multiplicity of risk factors in ischemic stroke patients: relations to age, sex, and subtype-a study of 2,505 patients from the Lund Stroke Register. Neuroepidemiology. 2014;42(3):161-8. doi: 10.1159/000357150
- Benabadji S, Selma M, Allal S, Saada M, Chahinez DY, Mehdi B, Khelladi DB. Infarctus cérébral du sujet jeune: diagnostic étiologique et profil évolutif. Revue Neurologique. 2017;173: S104. (In French) doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.01.170
- Rusinaru M. Identification et prévalence des facteurs de risque de l’accident vasculaire cérébral en médecine générale. Enquête rétrospective dans une unité de soins, d’enseignement et de recherche de médecine ambulatoire en lorraine, de 2000 à 2010, et comparaison à l’étude interstroke: UHP-Université Henri Poincaré; 2010. (In French)
- Donkor ES. Stroke in the century: a snapshot of the burden, epidemiology, and quality of life. Stroke research and treatment. 2018. doi: 10.1155/2018/3238165
- Balaka A, Tchamdja T, Djagadou K, Nemi K.D, Djalogue L, Dadjo S, Assane H Djibril MA. Facteurs de risque associés aux Accidents Vasculaires Cérébraux Ischémiques (AVCI) à la réanimation médicale du CHU Sylvanus Olympio (CHU so) de Lomé. Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de l’Université de Lomé. 2017;19(4):505-10. (In French)
- N’goran YN, Traore F, Tano M, Kramoh KE, Kakou JB, Konin C, Kakou MG. Aspects épidémiologiques des accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC) aux urgences de l’institut de cardiologie d’Abidjan (ICA). Pan African Medical Journal. 2015;21:1. (In French) doi: 10.11604/pamj.2015.21.160.6852.
- Bezanson C. Les accidents vasculaires cérébraux » RF, d’Orthoptie v, 2016;2:63 67. (In French) doi: 10.1016/j.rfo.2016.03.002.
- Poorthuis MH, Algra AM, Algra A, Kappelle LJ, Klijn CJ. Female-and male-specific risk factors for stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA neurology. 2017;74(1):75-81. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.3482.
- O’donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, Chin SL, Rao-Melacini P, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Pais P, McQueen MJ, Mondo C, Damasceno A, Lopez- Jaramillo P, Hankey GJ, Dans AL, Yusoff K, Truelsen T, Diener HC, Sacco RL, Ryglewicz D, Czlonkowska A, Weimar C, Wang X, Wang X. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. The Lancet. 2010;376(9735):112-23. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60834-3.
- Mbarek L, Sakka S, Dhaker T, Fatma M, Mariem D, Choumous K, Chokri M. Risque de récidive d’AVC ischémique chez les jeunes tunisiens. Revue Neurologique. 2021;177: S88. (In French) doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.02.283.
- Gombet TR, Ellenga- Mbolla B, Ikama MS, Etitiele F. Facteurs de risque des accidents vasculaires cérébraux ischémiques au centre hospitalier et universitaire de Brazzaville. Med Afr Noire. 2007;54:639-45. (In French)
- Reynolds K, Lewis LB, Nolen JD, Kinney GL, Sathya B, He J. Consommation d’alcool et risque d’accident vasculaire cérébral. JAMA-français. 2003;289(2): a6. (In French)
- Damorou F, Togbossi E, Pessinaba S, Klouvi Y, Balogou A, Belo M, Soussou B. Accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC) et affections cardio- vasculaires emboligènes. Mali méd. 2008;23(1):33. (In French)
- Condé K, Carlos-O thon G, Barry SD, Touré MR, Diallo MT, Diallo ML, Diawara K, Doumbouya I, Konaté M, Cissé A, Cissé FA. La prévalence du syndrome métabolique chez les patients victimes d’accidents vasculaires cérébraux au service de neurologie de l’hôpital national Ignace Deen, CHU de Conakry (Guinée). Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques. 2022. (In French) doi: 10.1016/j.mmm.2022.04.006
- Fiawoo M, Ekouevi D, Niangoran S, Tanon A, Coffie PA, Afanvi A, Kassankogno Y, Balogou A. Prevalence de l’infection a VIH chez les patients victimes d’un accident vasculaire cerebral au CHU Campus de Lome. Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de l’Université de Lomé. 2017;19(1):385-94. (In French) doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2016.01.153
Supplementary files
