Names of human body parts in Russian dialects of the Simbirsk Volga region

INTRODUCTION. A study of body part names in Russian dialects of the Ulyanovsk region is presented. The significance of somatisms is determined by the fact that this is the most ancient and stable layer of the basic vocabulary of the language. The study of this group of vocabulary allows us to identify body-related ideas and stereotypes that are reflected in the Russian linguistic view of the world.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study of somatisms utilized cognitive and functional approaches, as well as contextual methods of data collection and analysis. Analysis of field data collected in the Simbirsk Volga region, as well as lexicographic sources, allowed us to identify the specialization of dialectal and common Russian lexemes.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The study shows that in neutral speech contexts, it is quite rare to fix any words other than literary names for body parts. To record dialectal lexemes, typical speech situations are required, where the dialect speaker responds with an expressive utterance. Experience in collecting and analyzing this type of vocabulary in the Simbirsk Volga region has shown that emotionally neutral dialectal names for body parts are quite rare. Moreover, the expressive use of somatic expressions is generally limited to certain fixed constructions with variable components (kuda tyanesh (suyosh) svoyi pakshi (kragi, tsapki), uberi (podvin) lapy (kopyta, zherdi, lytki, mosly), etc.).

CONCLUSION. The greatest number of dialectal words was found among expressive nouns for arms, legs, stomach, mouth, and lips. However, typical speech patterns with expressive nominations of body parts often use common vernacular vocabulary.