The interrelation of psychological characteristics and success of education of cadets of civil aviation

BACKGROUND: Historically, the development of professional selection, occupational hygiene, and psychology occurs to the greatest extent in aviation, because it has been proven that up to 50–80% of flight accidents are directly related to the human factor. So, S.E. Mints, an aviation military doctor, after analyzing 364 plane crashes, came to the conclusion that in 90% of cases of disasters, the decisive factor is the individual qualities of pilots. Determining the typical personal characteristics of suitable and unsuitable persons for the flying profession is a rather difficult task facing professional selection specialists. Primary professional training of a pilot is carried out in flight schools and is improved during their further work. One of the main goals of flight training is the formation of a trained pilot with strong professional skills in piloting an aircraft, ensuring flight safety. The study examines the psychological characteristics that affect the success of cadets both in theoretical training and when performing exercises on simulators.

AIM: to study the influence of psychological characteristics on the success of training cadets of civil aviation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The statistical analysis of significant differences between “successful” and “less successful” students was carried out according to the following methods: R.B. Kettell’s 16-factor personality questionnaire (form C); Lazarus’ questionnaire “Coping behavior methods”; G. Aizenk’s Personal questionnaire (EPI); The method “Motives for choosing a profession” (author R.V. Ovcharova); Questionnaire “Styles of self-regulation of behavior (author V.I. Morosanova).

RESULTS: In theoretical training, those students who are dominated by calmness, self-control, equanimity and emotional stability are more successful. They are characterized by stable interests, developed will and determination, as well as independence, flexibility and non-hostility. The most successful in performing exercises on simulators are students with developed abstract thinking. They are quick-thinking, easy to learn. They are distinguished by determination, enterprise, and activity in achieving goals. These students are ready to act alone, independent and independent. They are characterized by activity, concentration and a high level of motivation. They are characterized by a rational approach to solving problematic situations.

CONCLUSION: The most successful in performing exercises on simulators are students with developed abstract thinking. They are quick-thinking, easy to learn. They are distinguished by determination, enterprise, and activity in achieving goals. These students are ready to act alone, independent and independent. They are characterized by activity, concentration and a high level of motivation. They are characterized by a rational approach to solving problematic situations. It was revealed that those students who have the following psychological characteristics are more successful in the course of theoretical training: high indicators on the scales of emotional stability–instability, relaxation–tension, planning, the general level of self-regulation and low indicators on the scale of confrontation, and when performing exercises on simulators: high scores on the scales of intelligence, timidity–courage, conformity–nonconformity, relaxation–tension discipline, self-control, acceptance of responsibility, flexibility, independence and low indicators of the search for social support factor and, according to the scale, internal individually significant motives for choosing a profession.