Distribution of blood groups among the donors of the Republic of Tatarstan

Aim. To study the peculiarities of AB0, Rh and Kell blood group distribution in donors of the Republic of Tatarstan in detail.

Methods. Blood samples of 180 279 donors of blood components (erythrocytes, platelets, serum) donated form 2008 to 2014 both in hospital and mobile settings were analyzed. The material for the study was the blood donors of blood components (red blood cells, plasma and platelets) for the period 2008-2014, the city, donated blood, both in stationary and in exit conditions. Typing erythrocyte antigens for AB0, Rh and Kell systems was performed using «Scangel» gel technology by «Hemos SP II» and IH-1000 immunohematologic analyzers using the diagnostic card produced by «Bio-Rad laboratories», as well as by microtray method on «Galileo Neo» automated scanner, and on plate by anti-A, anti-B, anti-AB, anti-A1, anti-C, anti-Cw, anti-c, anti-D, anti-E anti-e and anti-Kell monoclonal reagents produced by «LLC Gematolog» (Moscow), LLC «Mediklon» (St. Petersburg), «ImuMed» (Germany). AB0 blood group was also determined by the cross method using own-produced AB0 standard isohemagglutinating sera and AB0 standard red blood cells. Rhesus blood group was also determined by own-produced universal a-D, a-DC reagent, used to identify Du gel cards produced by «Bio-Rad laboratories», «Grifols» were used for Du detection. Statistical analysis was performed and the data were obtained using the automated information system for Transfusions management, installed in the Republican Blood Centre in 2008.

Results. Analysis of AB0 system blood groups distribution in the Republic of Tatarstan showed that blood group 0 (I) was the most common - 33.7%, 31.1% donors had A (II) blood group, 23.7% donors - B (III) group, 11.5% - AB0 (IV) group. Anti-A1 irregular agglutinin was found in 5 (0.57%) out of 878 donors with A2 (II) group, and in 53 (12.4%) of 428 A2B (IV) donors. The shares of Rh (D)-positive and Rh (D)-negative donors (87.4 and 12.6%, respectively), was revealed. Rh-positive donors included donors having antigen phenotypes C, E, and Du.

Conclusion. Formation and completion of a serologically tested donor’s database in the Republic of Tatarstan is required to compile the gene geographic map of the region.