Evaluation of the effectiveness of biological fungicides in various sunflower protection systems

The effectiveness of sunflower protection against septoria was studied in 3 protection systems: chemical, integrated and biologized. Each system had 2 repetitions, in one of them the soil biological fungicide Sternifag, SP (Trichoderma harzianum, strain VKM F-4099D, 1010 CFU/g) was introduced in autumn. The study was conducted in 2021 and 2022 at the Agrobiotechnology field in the Shebekinsky district of the Belgorod region. Biologics were used in integrated and biologized protection systems. In particular, the biological preparation Alirin-B, Zh was used in the biologized protection system. It has been experimentally established that during the autumn application of the soil biological fungicide Sternifag, SP, in all variants of protection systems, an increase in the efficiency of treatments and sunflower yields was noted. It was also found that the studied biological preparations had a growth-stimulating effect on the vegetative organs of plants, including the root system. An economic assessment of 3 sunflower protection systems showed that the average yield over 2 years was higher in all variants when applying Sternifag, SP. The highest yield was obtained with an integrated protection system of 39.3 c/ha. Due to the high costs of drugs, the profitability in the chemical system was in both replications less than other options – 215 and 286%. In the biologized system, profitability was the highest – 536 and 618%, this was due to the cost of biological drugs, which were 2 times less. Thus, it is recommended to introduce integrated and biologized sunflower protection systems, which will contribute not only to reducing the cost of protective measures, but also to reducing the pesticide burden on agroecosystems and improving the quality of finished products through the use of biological pesticides.