Vol 55, No 2 (2019)

In this work, we studied the phase composition and structure of the mixed oxide obtained from a layered Ni-Al double hydroxide (Ni:Al = 3:1). The hydroxide obtained by precipitation from a solution of nickel and aluminum nitrates has a hexagonal crystal lattice with crystallite diameter 7 nm. The crystallite diameter was reduced to 4 nm after roasting of this hydroxide at 500°C. The crystallites consist of octahedral layers and a slight amount spine/ structure. The products of the cracking of normal alkanes in the presence of this mixed Ni-Al oxide feature an increased amount of their low-boiling homologs and branched alkanes.

Nickel catalysts supported on activated montmorillonite modified with titanium dioxide and mordenite were prepared by various methods. The catalytic properties of these catalysts in the isomerization of hexane were studied. The greatest hexane conversion (36.2%) was achieved on a nickel catalyst supported on activated montmorillonite modified with mordenite and TiO₂ introduced by mixing the components. The optimal composition of the catalyst at 350°C and 1 atm gave the conversion of hexane into C₄C₇ isomers in 34.2% yield and 93.6% selectivity. Among the catalysts studied, this composition has the greatest specific surface, greatest amount of mesopores, as well as greatest total content of weak and medium-strength acid sites.

Under the conditions of the low-permeable Tyumen Formation, associated petroleum gas (APG) and intrastratal air transformation product are similar in oil-displacing properties. A new approach to the development of oil reserves of the Tyumen and Bazhenov Formations is proposed. It lies in the fact that, when solid organic matter of the Bazhenov Formation dispersed in the rock mass is oxidized, air; rather than oil, should be transformed into an inert gaseous agent. At the same time, artificial fractures will be formed if the rock of the Bazhenov Formation is heated unevenly.

Slug anti-gas channeling technology was studied in laboratory experiments to optimize the micro-expansion behavior of its material. The technology included sealing of an outer pipe, injection of cement slurry into the casing annulus, and activation and solidification of the cement slurry as a function of temperature and other external conditions. The technology could effectively seal an oil or gas well and solve the problem of wellhead pressure.

The characteristics of oil-water two-phase flow in low-permeability reservoirs have been insufficiently studied. In the present article, we estimate the oil-water seepage parameters using a flow stress gradient model with a nonuniform radial distribution of the water saturation coefficient in a low-permeability reservoir. We apply the oil-water relative permeability curves and the Buckley-Leverett equation to determine the oil-water mobility ratio and the functional relationship between the two-phase flow stress gradient, the radial distribution, and the oil saturation. In this way, we construct an oil-water radial flow model based on the oil-water two-phase flow stress to derive the pressure distribution equation. Calculation results show that there is a linear relationship between the oil-water two-phase flow stress gradient and the oil saturation and a quadratic relationship between the oil-water two-phase mobility ratio and the oil saturation. The strata/ pressure distribution for low-permeability reservoirs is highly sensitive to the oil-water two-phase flow stress gradient, and the effect is more noticeable near the wellbore.

The peculiarity of the mutual influence of aminophosphate antiwear additives and extreme pressure additives containing polysulfide groups on the degree and nature of wear and scuffing of friction surfaces is established. It is shown that it is impossible to obtain a high level of antiwear and extreme pressure properties while using these additives together to produce gear oil from recycled oils. The proposed solution of the problem is to introduce an additional additive of moderate activity. By the methods of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectral microanalysis, the presence of phosphorus on metal surface at loads close to the welding load was revealed, and the absence of phosphorus on the metal surface at moderate loads. It is suggested that at high loads, due to the high activity of aminophosphates to the surface of the metal, there is a competing formation of a phosphate film, which prevents the formation of a protective sulfur-containing layer due to an extreme pressure additive.

Sulfur compounds are formed during the oxidation of motor oil under the influence of high temperatures, and it is quite difficult to determine the residual content of an active additive. To determine the DF-11 additive the M-10G2k oil was oxidized in a thermostat. It was established that with oxidation times of 8 and 10 hours it is only possible to determine the amount of mercaptan sulfur from the potentiometric titration curve. An algorithm and some methods of determination that make it possible to predict the wear and service life of lubricating oil are proposed for complete determination of sulfur-containing compounds in oxidized oil under working conditions.

A feedstock formulation for production of road asphalts based on Arlan oil heavy resids is developed. The applicable scientific-technological solutions, which include purposeful control of fractional and group chemical composition of Arlan oil heavy resid while mixing it with components-intermediate products that control these compositions, allow production of road-binding materials conforming to the current specifications of the road-building industry. It is shown that use of Arlan heavy resid as a constituent of asphalt is economically and technologically sound because it frees up substantial volumes of West Siberian oil residues for their processing into high-quality coke, and the resinous-asphaltic matters contained in the Arlan heavy resid ensure long durability of the obtained road asphalt binding materials.

Perforating operations increase production efficiency of oil and gas wells. Insufficient understanding of the operating mechanism and characteristics of perforators in wells may lead to perforating device failure, explosions, and accidents. It is therefore important to further explore this issue. In the present paper, the dynamic response of a perforating string is studied. A simplified static load model and perforator dynamics are investigated using ANSYS LS-DYNA software; a series of targeted modeling and simulation calculations is carried out. We develop and test a simplified perforating string model and analyze its mechanical response characteristics under various loads.

There is an error in the article metadata on SpringerLink, the second author’s name is incorrect. It should read Ruochi Hu.