The first finding of a rhinoceros of the Genus Stephanorhinus in Arctic Asia

Abstract

The first skull of a rhinoceros of the genus Stephanorhinus has been found above the Arctic Circle on the middle Chondon River (Yakutia, Russia). This is the northernmost finding that extends significantly the genus range and provides additional information about the diet and environment of a genus representative. Plant remnants from the maxillary tooth cavities were identified as belonging to trees (Larix, Betula), shrubs (Ericaceae), mosses (Aulacomnium sp., Polytrichum sp.), herbs (Dicotyledones) and grasses (Poaceae), but not to sedges (Cyperaceae). The pattern of attrition of teeth and marks on the chewing surface enamel indicate diverse nourishment. Chondon rhinoceros lived in under Arctic-like climatic conditions, with rather limited food resources.