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Том 472, № 1 (2017)
- Год: 2017
- Статей: 9
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/0012-4966/issue/view/9258
Physiology
Remote effects of short-term neonatal hyperthermia in Krushinsky–Molodkina rats prone to audiogenic seizures strain
Аннотация
Using the audiogenic seizure prone Krushinsky–Molodkina rat strain, it was demonstrated that short-term (5 min) exposure of 14-day-old pups to an elevated temperature (42°C) resulted in a significant decrease in audiogenic seizure severity at the age of 1 month. Presumably, this effect is determined by the activation of the heat-shock protein system (stress proteins).
1-3
Early morphological and functional changes in the GABAergic system of hippocampus in the rat lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy
Аннотация
We studied early alterations in the GABAergic system of the rat hippocampus in the lithium–pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Twenty-four hours after the pilocarpine treatment, a decrease in the number of calretinin-positive interneurons was observed in the CA1 field of the hippocampus, whereas the number of parvalbumin-positive interneurons remained unchanged. The decreased levels of the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) and the membrane GABA transporter GAT1 were revealed using Western blot analysis. These data indicate an altered excitation/inhibition balance in the hippocampus with excitation dominance.
4-7
Low-molecular-weight components of the metabolome control the proliferative activity in cellular and bacterial cultures
Аннотация
The effects of blood metabolites and model cell culture exometabolites found in the human and animal blood metabolomes have been assessed. Specifically, the influence of carboxylic acids that are structural analogues of amino acids and the drug Aktoflor-C have been studied. Methods of organotypic culturing of rat tissues and Escherichia coli bacterial culturing have been used. It has been found that all the tested compounds either stimulate or inhibit cell proliferation in tissue cultures and proliferation in bacterial cultures. The metabolites that are present in blood and interstitial fluids can exert regulation effects on the tissues of the body and intestinal microbiota.
8-10
Localization of the dopamine receptors of types 1 and 2 on the bodies of POMC-expressing neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in mice and rats
Аннотация
Using immunofluorescent techniques, we have demonstrated the presence of two main types of dopamine receptors, D1 and D2, on the bodies of neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus expressing the precursor of peptides of the melanocortin family proopiomelanocortin in C57Bl/6J mice and Wistar rats. These data show close functional relationship between the dopamine and melanocortin systems of the brain and involvement of dopamine in the control of synthesis and secretion of peptides of the melanocortin family.
11-14
General Biology
Alternative approach to the treatment of diabetes mellitus
Аннотация
The influence of insulin preparations (Actrapid and Ransulin) on the glucose and insulin blood level has been studied in patients with diabetes mellitus. It has been shown that comparable changes in the measured parameters are achieved in most patients with oral doses of Ransulin that are two to three times higher than the doses of Actrapid.
15-16
Movement of a female polar bear (Ursus maritimus) in the Kara Sea during the summer sea-ice break-up
Аннотация
The polar bear movement trajectory in relation to onset date of the sea-ice break-up was studied in the coastal zone of the Taimyr Peninsula, eastern part of the Kara Sea, using as an example a female polar bear tagged by a radio collar with an Argos satellite transmitter. Analysis of the long-term pattern of ice melting and tracking, by means of satellite telemetry, of the female polar bear who followed the ice-edge outgoing in the north-eastern direction (in summer 2012) suggests that direction of the polar bear movement depends precisely on the direction of the sea-ice cover break-up.
17-20
The dietary patterns are a modifying risk factor for breast cancer: An ecological study
Аннотация
A comparative study of dietary patterns (DPs) with breast cancer (BC) incidence in different countries has been performed. It was established that in the countries with a high incidence of BC (76 per 100 000 people) the levels of consumption of the “nutrients of animal foods,” “fruits and beverages,” and “alcoholic drinks” are 1.5–2 times higher and that of “cereals and vegetables” is 1.5 times lower than in the countries with a low incidence of BC (35 per 100 000). In Mediterranean countries, where incidence of BC is 51 per 100 000, the levels of consumption of “animal foods” is two times lower than the levels of consumption of “cereals and vegetables.” A method of assessing the impact of DPs on the incidence of BC has been proposed.
21-27
Cell Biology
Hormonal regulation of NK cell cytotoxic activity
Аннотация
The effects of chorionic gonadotropin, estriol (E3), leptin, ghrelin, and kisspeptin on the intracellular expression of perforin, granzyme A, and granzyme B was studied in separated NK cells. All studied hormones except E3 are could modulate the expression of cytotoxic enzymes in NK cells by suppression of the expression of the most active proapoptotic agents, resulting in increased expression of granzyme A, which is typical of the decidual subpopulation of these lymphocytes.
28-30
Lymphocytes incubated in the presence of IL-2 lose the capacity for chemotaxis but acquire antitumor activity
Аннотация
Naïve non-activated lymphocytes are capable of releasing the chemoattractant complex Tag7–Mts1 and can migrate along the gradient of its concentration. After activation of these cells by IL-2, they acquire the abilities to kill tumor cells and to release the cytotoxic Tag7–Hsp70 complex, which is accompanied by a loss of both the Tag7–Mts1-mediated lymphocyte chemotaxis and the ability to release this chemoattractant into the conditioned medium.
31-33