Gut microbiota: Historical essay and role in nephrology
- Authors: Nezhdanov K.S.1, Milovanova L.Y.2, Milovanova S.Y.2, Taranova M.V.2, Volkov A.V.1, Androsova T.V.2
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Affiliations:
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
- Issue: Vol 97, No 6 (2025): Issues of nephrology
- Pages: 528-533
- Section: History of medicine
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/0040-3660/article/view/313995
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2025.06.203251
- ID: 313995
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Abstract
The article covers the main stages of intestinal microbiota (MB) research from ancient to modern times and addresses the features of the interaction between intestinal MB and renal diseases, the gut-kidney axis. It is believed that for the first time, MB was mentioned in one of the treatises of Ayurveda, “Caraka-Samhitā” (700–100 BC), and the first use of probiotics was mentioned in Ancient China (1000 BC). In the 1670s, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, using an advanced microscope, described protozoa and bacteria, including intestinal MB. Later, in parallel with the discoveries of Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, intestinal MB was a subject for research, with studies by Theodor Escherich, Henri Tissier, and our compatriots S.N. Vinogradsky and I.I. Mechnikov playing an important role. The next stage in the study of intestinal MB dates back to 1994 with the beginning of the use of 16s rRNA sequencing, metascience, and the organization of global projects for the MB study, the Human Microbiome Project and METAgenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract, the purpose of which is to study its composition and interaction with the body. An example of such an interaction is the gut-kidney axis, which reflects the metabolic relationship of the kidneys and intestinal MB. Within the context of this axis, the potential therapeutic possibilities of pro-, prebiotics and synbiotics in kidney diseases are investigated. However, despite advances in the field, further research is needed to develop of the most optimal strategy for correcting microbiota disorders, including in chronic kidney diseases.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Kirill S. Nezhdanov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Email: Ludm.milovanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9558-363X
аспирант каф. внутренних болезней фак-та фундаментальной медицины
Russian Federation, MoscowLudmila Yu. Milovanova
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Author for correspondence.
Email: Ludm.milovanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5599-0350
д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. внутренних, профессиональных болезней и ревматологии
Russian Federation, MoscowSvetlana Yu. Milovanova
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Email: Ludm.milovanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2687-6161
д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. внутренних, профессиональных болезней и ревматологии
Russian Federation, MoscowMarina V. Taranova
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Email: Ludm.milovanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7363-6195
канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. внутренних, профессиональных болезней и ревматологии
Russian Federation, MoscowAlexey V. Volkov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Email: Ludm.milovanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1873-0189
ординатор каф. внутренних, болезней фак-та фундаментальной медицины
Russian Federation, MoscowTatiana V. Androsova
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Email: Ludm.milovanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9951-126X
канд. мед. наук., доц. каф. внутренних, профессиональных болезней и ревматологии
Russian Federation, MoscowReferences
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