Advancements in clinical developments in neo/adjuvant drug therapy for resectable melanoma: ASCO Annual Congress – June 2022

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Abstract

In the structure of the incidence of skin tumors, melanoma accounts for a relatively smaller percentage, but that disease is associated with higher risk of an adverse outcome compared with many other malignancies.

The study of innovative clinical developments in drug therapy for resectable melanoma, presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting — June 2022.

The best clinical developments in drug treatment of patients with resectable melanoma were selected for analysis: 1) phase 3 study KEYNOTE-716; 2) PRADO; 3) Neo Trio; 4) SWOG 1512. The presented developments bring extremely promising results for melanoma therapy workflows.

The use of cutting-edge anti-cancer therapeutics acting on various molecular targets drastically improves the tumor response as well as straitens the appearance of treatment-related adverse events.

About the authors

Dmitry A. Andreev

The State Budgetary Institution «Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Health Department»

Email: AndreevDA@zdrav.mos.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0745-9474
SPIN-code: 7989-0581

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Aleksander A. Zavyalov

The Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Health Department; The State Research Center — Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency

Author for correspondence.
Email: AZAV06@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1825-1871
SPIN-code: 5087-2394

МD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; 23 Marshala Novikova street, 123098, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. ABCDE rule used for diagnosis of skin melanoma (adapted from: Lopes et al 2022 [9]; distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution [CC BY] license [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/])

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3. Fig. 2. Mechanism of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors (adapted from McKean et al 2018 [10]; original image adapted from Drake et al 2014 [11]; distributed under license: attribution-noncommercial-noderivatives 4.0 international [CC BY-NC- ND 4.0]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). The significance of the signaling pathways PD-1 (target for antibodies: pembrolizumab, nivolumab) and CTLA-4 (antigen for antibodies — ipilimumab) is to prevent the development of an excessively strong immune response [23]. Blocking drug antibodies act competitively and prevent natural ligands from binding to PD-1 (antibodies: pembrolizumab, nivolumab) or CTLA-4 (antibodies: ipilimumab) receptors, which leads to increased antitumor immunity. Abbreviations: PD-1, programmed cell death receptor, 1; PD-L1 — ligand to PD-1; CTLA-4 — cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4

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4. Fig. 3. Design and results of the SWOG 1512 clinical trial [17]

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Copyright (c) 2023 Andreev D.A., Zavyalov A.A.

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