Dermoscopy in the diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas
- Authors: Karamova A.E.1, Aulova K.M.1, Nefedova M.A.1, Sheklakova M.N.1, Gorenkova L.G.2, Kovrigina A.M.2,3
-
Affiliations:
- State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
- Issue: Vol 101, No 5 (2025)
- Pages: 78-92
- Section: GUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERS
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/0042-4609/article/view/368165
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.25208/vdv16931
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/hbsxqt
- ID: 368165
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
The diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas is a challenging clinical task due to nonspecific nature of the skin manifestations in this disease. Since 2015, dermatoscopy has been used as an additional research method for the diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. Dermatoscopy is an inexpensive, non-invasive, and painless diagnostic method that allows to quickly obtain additional information about the disease. Currently known dermatoscopic signs, taking into account clinical and history data, may suggest a diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. The article clearly demonstrates the possibilities of dermatoscopy in the diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. However, dermatoscopy cannot replace the pathomorphological and immunohistochemical study of a skin biopsy which is the “golden standard” required for the diagnosis of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. In some cases, a molecular genetic screening is performed to determine B-cell clonality in primary marginal zone cutaneous lymphomas with a pronounced T-cell component.
About the authors
Arfenya E. Karamova
State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology
Email: karamova@cnikvi.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3805-8489
SPIN-code: 3604-6491
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowKseniya M. Aulova
State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology
Author for correspondence.
Email: aulovaksenia@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2924-3036
SPIN-code: 8310-7019
Russian Federation, Moscow
Maria A. Nefedova
State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology
Email: nefedova.maria.arb@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1141-9352
SPIN-code: 1307-1189
Russian Federation, Moscow
Marina N. Sheklakova
State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology
Email: shushanic-m@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-1010-5855
SPIN-code: 6177-4543
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, MoscowLiliya G. Gorenkova
National Medical Research Center for Hematology
Email: l.aitova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3967-9183
SPIN-code: 1775-9550
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, MoscowAlla M. Kovrigina
National Medical Research Center for Hematology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Email: kovrigina.alla@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1082-8659
SPIN-code: 3702-8208
Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowReferences
- Willemze R, Cerroni L, Kempf W, Berti E, Facchetti F, Swerdlow SH, et al. The 2018 update of the WHO-EORTC classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas. Blood. 2019;133(16):1703–1714. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-881268
- Mascolo M, Piccolo V, Argenziano G, Costa C, Lo Presti M, De Rosa G, et al. Dermoscopy Pattern, Histopathology and Immunophenotype of Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Solitary Skin Nodule. Dermatology. 2015;232(2):203–207. doi: 10.1159/000442251
- Куклин И.А., Кохан М.М., Демидов С.М. Первичные лимфомы кожи. Лечащий врач. 2018;4:27–29. [Kuklin IA, Kohan MM, Demidov SM. Primary skin lymphomas. Attending Physician. 2018;4:27–29. (In Russ.)]
- Ciolfi C, Tartaglia J, Sernicola A, Alaibac M. Clinician’s perspective on the diagnosis of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. Dermatol Reports. 2023;16(Suppl 2):9723. doi: 10.4081/dr.2023.9723
- Willemze R, Jaffe ES, Burg G, Cerroni L, Berti E, Swerdlow SH, et al. WHO–EORTC classification for cutaneous lymphomas. Blood. 2005;105(10):3768–85. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3502
- WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Haematolymphoid Tumours. 5th Ed. Vol. 11. Lyon: IARC Press; 2024. 958 p.
- Geller S, Marghoob AA, Scope A, Braun RP, Myskowski PL. Dermoscopy and the diagnosis of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(1):53–56. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14549
- Елькин В.Д., Митрюковский Л.С., Лысов А.Ю. Практическая дерматоонкология: иллюстрированное справочное руководство по опухолям кожи, опухолеподобным заболеваниям и связанным с ними синдромам. М.: Практическая медицина, 2014. С. 212–219. [El’kin VD, Mitrjukovskij LS, Lysov AJ. Practical dermato-oncology: illustrated reference guide to skin tumors, tumor-like diseases and changes with them syndromes. Moscow: Prakticheskaja medicina; 2014. P. 212–219. (In Russ.)]
- Goyal A, LeBlanc RE, Carter JB. Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2019;33(1):149–161. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2018.08.006
- Bombonato C, Pampena R, Lallas A, Giovanni P, Longo C. Dermoscopy of Lymphomas and Pseudolymphomas. Dermatol Clin. 2018;36(4):377–388. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2018.05.005
- Dobos G, Miladi M, Michel L, Ram-Wolff C, Battistella M, Bagot M, et al. Recent advances on cutaneous lymphoma epidemiology. Presse Med. 2022;51(1):104108. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2022.104108
- Белоусова И.Э., Казаков Д.В., Самцов А.В. Лимфопролиферативные заболевания кожи. Клиника и диагностика. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2022. С. 157–235. [Belousova IЕ, Kazakov DV, Samcov AV. Limfoproliferativnye zabolevananija kozhi. Klinika i diagnostika. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2022. S. 157–235. (In Russ.)] doi: 10.33029/9704-6541-7-LYM-2022-1-272
- Suárez AL, Pulitzer M, Horwitz S, Moskowitz A, Querfeld C, Myskowski PL. Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas: part I. Clinical features, diagnosis, and classification. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69(3):329.e1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.012
- Massone C, Fink-Puches R, Laimer M, Rütten A, Vale E, Cerroni L. Miliary and agminated-type primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma: report of 18 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;65(4):749–755. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.07.035
- Barzilai A, Feuerman H, Quaglino P, David M, Feinmesser M, Halpern M, et al. Cutaneous B-cell neoplasms mimicking granulomatous rosacea or rhinophyma. Arch Dermatol. 2012l;148(7):824–831. doi: 10.1001/archdermatol.2011.3575
- Behera B, Palit A, Nayak AK, Panigrahi A, Mishra P, Sethy M. Clinico-Dermoscopic-Pathological Features of a Rare Case of Locally Invasive Multifocal Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma-Leg Type Over the Face and Scalp. Indian J Dermatol. 2022;67(3):283–286. doi: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_783_20
- Koizumi S, Togawa Y, Saeki Y, Shimizu R, Nakano M. A case of cutaneous variant of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma in which dermoscopy revealed telangiectasias associated with erythematous induration. Dermatol Reports. 2023;16(1):9731. doi: 10.4081/dr.2023.9731
- Llamas-Velasco M, Held L, Gold R, Paredes B. Dermoscopy of primary cutaneous intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2020;45(2):269–272. doi: 10.1111/ced.14073
- Röglin J, Böer A. Skin manifestations of intravascular lymphoma mimic inflammatory diseases of the skin. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(1):16–25. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07954.x
- Yanagihara S, Oiso N, Ohyama Y, Masaie H, Matsumura I, Kawada A. Usefulness of dermoscopy-aided skin biopsy for clinically recognizable intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: prediction of histopathological localization of occlusive vessels based on dermoscopic findings. Eur J Dermatol. 2020. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2020.3721
- Moustaide K, Gallouj S, Niema A, Mernissi FZ. Are there any dermoscopic signs of primary cutaneous follicular center B-cell lymphoma. Int J Cancer Stud Res. 2016;5(1):93–95. doi: 10.19070/2167-9118-1600016
- Piccolo V, Mascolo M, Russo T, Staibano S, Argenziano G. Dermoscopy of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;75(4):e137–e139. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.02.1217
- Mascolo M, Pagliuca F, Costa C, Scalvenzi M. Deceitful clustered papules on the scalp of a middle-aged woman. Dermatol Pract Concept. 2017;7(1):67–69. doi: 10.5826/dpc.0701a14
- Ghahramani GK, Goetz KE, Liu V. Dermoscopic characterization of cutaneous lymphomas: a pilot survey. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57(3):339–343. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13860
- Rodríguez-Lomba E, Lozano-Masdemont B, Avilés-Izquierdo JA. Slow-Growing Salmon-Pink Nodule on the Buttock. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed). 2019;110(9):763–764. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2018.03.024
- Kiyohara T, Makimura K, Nakamaru S, Miyamoto M, Shijimaya T, Nagano N, et al. B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in infants: Report of two cases on the face. J Dermatol. 2019;46(7):e255-e256. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.14799
- Biondo G, Sola S, Pastorino C, Massone C. Salmon-Colored and White Areas on Dermoscopy as Supportive Findings in the Diagnosis of Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma. Dermatol Pract Concept. 2019;9(1):63–66. doi: 10.5826/dpc.0901a14
- Hoesly PM, Sluzevich JC, Cappel MA. Dermoscopy of Primary Cutaneous B-cell Lymphoma. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2019;10(2):208–209. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_39_18
- Navarrete-Dechent C, Del Puerto C, Abarzúa-Araya, Molgó M, Geller S, Andreani S, et al. Dermoscopy of primary cutaneous B- and T-cell lymphomas and pseudolymphomas presenting as solitary nodules and tumors: a case-control study with histopathologic correlation. Int J Dermatol. 2019;58(11):1270–1276. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14590
- Miyabe C, Nomura J, Ikeda T, Takahashi K, Kawakami T. Skin biopsies using dermoscopy for earlier diagnosis of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. J Dermatol. 2020;47(7):e276–e278. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.15350
- Janowska A, Fidanzi C, Granieri G, Iannone M, Bonadio AG. An unusual presentation of primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma. Exp Oncol. 2021;43(4):376–378. doi: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-43-no-4.17026
- Conforti C, Giuffrida R, Dri A, Zalaudek I, Di Meo N. Yellow Plugs: An Additional Dermoscopic Criterion in the Diagnosis of Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma. Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022;12(1):e2022006. doi: 10.5826/dpc.1201a06
- Errichetti E, Geller S, Zalaudek I, Longo C, Kyrgidis A, Akay BN, et al. Dermatoscopy of nodular/plaque-type primary cutaneous T- and B-cell lymphomas: A retrospective comparative study with pseudolymphomas and tumoral/inflammatory mimickers by the International Dermoscopy Society. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022;86(4):774–781. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.10.020
- Laghi A, Lee C, Witkowski A, Hsu M, Pellacani G, Ludzik J. The role of dermatoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy in the assessment of relapsing secondary cutaneous follicular B-cell lymphoma. JAAD Case Rep. 2022;24:91–93. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.03.035
- Zalaudek I, Kreusch J, Giacomel J, Ferrara G, Catricalà C, Argenziano G. How to diagnose nonpigmented skin tumors: a review of vascular structures seen with dermoscopy: part I. Melanocytic skin tumors. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;63(3):361–374. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.11.698
- Sławińska M, Sokołowska-Wojdyło M, Olszewska B, Nowicki RJ, Sobjanek M, Zalaudek I. Dermoscopic and trichoscopic features of primary cutaneous lymphomas — systematic review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021;35(7):1470–1484. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17219
- Pileri A, Grandi V, Agostinelli C, Santucci M, Lastrucci I, Guglielmo A, et al. BCL-2 expression in primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma is associated with a higher risk of cutaneous relapses: A study of 126 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022;36(10):e811–e813. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18287
- Zhou XA, Yang J, Ringbloom KG, Martinez-Escala ME, Stevenson KE, Wenzel AT, et al. Genomic landscape of cutaneous follicular lymphomas reveals 2 subgroups with clinically predictive molecular features. Blood Adv. 2021;5(3):649–661. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002469
Supplementary files

