Nº 4 (2025)

The article attempts to give a look at the fundamental problems of economic development in Latin American countries through the prism of growth models existing in the region, as well as to present the author's vision of key economic relationships and the internal and external factors that shape them. At the same time, the author is aware that no model can claim to take into account all aspects, conditions and motives of trade, economic and financial activities, but their study helps to identify the most significant, core trends in the development of individual states and entire regions. And most importantly, considering the economy of Latin American countries within the framework of a particular growth model allows us to assess the specific nature, depth and prospects of the transformation processes taking place in the region more accurately. This task determined the composition of the article: firstly, a general description of the aggregated regional macrostructural model is given, then five country cases of the largest economic systems in Latin America – Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Chile – are provided.

The article is devoted to the evolution of Latino political representation in the U.S. Congress in the 19th and 20th centuries. It has been established that in the 19th century Latino representation was inextricably linked to the expansion of territories at the expense of former Spanish and Mexican possessions. It allowed Latinos to participate in the U.S. political life, but engendered a serious problem of underrepresentation of this population group that in the first quarter of the 21st century has become the largest after White Americans, but this problem persists that does not allow to fully implement representative democracy. The article reveals the features of Latino political representation in Congress in the 19th and 20th centuries, identifies the issues they faced, their main activities and the evolution of their party affiliation, which helps to deepen the understanding of the modern partisan shift among them.

The article analyzes the activities of large Russian corporations in Latin America using the example of state corporation ‘Rosatom’ and ‘EuroChem’. The author used structural-functional and neorealistic approaches, which made it possible to characterize the work and projects of these corporations in the region through the prism of the realization of the foreign policy interests of Russia. It is concluded that the activities of domestic corporations correspond to a number of goals formulated in the Concept of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation and are focused on long-term cooperation with host countries.

Based on a wide range of archival materials (mostly the papers of the International Department of the CC of the CPSU), the authors analyzed the key factors that formed the basis of the complex nature of Soviet-Venezuelan relations since the moment they were established in 1945 until the mid-1970s. Diplomatic contacts between Moscow and Caracas were largely influenced by turns in domestic politics and the alignment of inter-party relations in Venezuela. Equally significant were the Venezuelan government's attempts to reform the oil sector and ensure its independence from foreign monopolies.

The objective of the reviewed monograph is to trace the evolution of the Mexican armed forces in the context of the consolidation process of the Mexican state. The team of authors analyzes the topic through the lens of various historical periods, identifying both the unique features of each and the common trends, as well as the relations between Mexico and Washington, which gives the study particular relevance considering the current tensions in relations with the U.S. administration.