An in-place method of forming a database on the technical condition of the internal combustion engine fuel system of technological machines in real time

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BACKGROUND: The economic component of the effective functioning of technological machines consists in their uninterrupted operation when performing various tasks in such industries as construction, road, agriculture, etc. It is currently possible to take into account the variety of operating conditions of technological machines and constantly changing loading modes by using digital technologies that allow creating an array of databases not only in real time, but also for an individual machine. A relevant task is to create methods for collecting information about the operating modes of the machine, the factors causing changes in the efficiency of operation, the development of algorithms for making decisions about maintaining the working condition of all units and systems of the machine, preventing their failures and non-production downtime of the machine as a whole.

OBJECTIVE: Ensuring the effective functioning of a single technological machine by managing the risks of failures, by adjusting the frequency of maintenance and periods of repair-and-restoration activities based on the real-time data on the technical condition and digital processing of decision-making information.

METHODS: The nature of changes in the technical condition of units and systems of technological machines in the theory of systems is most often considered as random due to the high probability of uncertainty of factorial influence. It is proposed to consider the problem of failure risk management of system elements and units of technological machines using the basic provisions of the excursion theory. The object of the study is a diesel engine of a technological machine with an example of monitoring the technical condition of the fuel system.

RESULTS: The justification of the expediency of performing maintenance and repair-and-restoration activities (MaR) of technological machines as required is presented. The adjustment of the MaR frequency was carried out based on the data of changes in the performance of the machine, in particular the internal combustion engine fuel system. To develop an algorithm for the formation of a data array, typical architectures for collecting and processing information using digital platforms for decision-making on the intensity of parameter changes are used, as an example, oscillograms of pressure changes during the operation of the internal combustion engine fuel system are presented.

CONCLUSIONS: A module for diagnosing the technical condition and efficiency of the internal combustion engine of a single technological machine in real time has been developed. It is proposed to introduce an intelligent decision-making system with subsequent transformation into the form of a digital twin of failure risk management and control of the efficiency of the machine for various operating conditions.

作者简介

Alexey Arzhenovsky

Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy

Email: arzhenovski@rgau-msha.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3569-8934
SPIN 代码: 5549-4841

Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Acting Director of the Institute of Mechanics and Power Engineering named after V.P. Goryachkin

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Nadezhda Sevryugina

Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: nssevr@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3494-1437
SPIN 代码: 4444-0443

Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Professor of the Technical Service of Machinery and Equipment Department

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

Alexey Apatenko

Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy

Email: a.apatenko@rgau-msha.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2492-9274
SPIN 代码: 7553-2715

Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Head of the Technical Service of Machinery and Equipment Department

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

参考

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2. Fig. 1. Excursions of a random process: H — the local maximum of the process X(t); Hm — the absolute maximum of the system function X(t); τ0 — the time of the first excursion; τ — the duration of the positive excursion (the period of normal operation of the units); θ — the duration of the negative excursion (operation of a faulty system in the mode of operation efficiency decreasing).

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3. Fig. 2. “Theoretical” oscillogram of pressure changes in the fuel line of the internal combustion engine power fuel system.

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4. Fig. 3. The “reference” oscillogram of the operation of the internal combustion engine fuel system.

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5. Fig. 4. Mounting of sensors: а — the casing of the A-41 internal combustion engine; b — the casing of the SMD-62 internal combustion engine; c — the fuel line of the nozzle of the 1st cylinder; d — the intake manifold; 1 — the flywheel speed sensor on the casing of the internal combustion engine; 2 — the sensor for fixing the position of the piston in the top dead center; 3 — the pressure sensor in fuel line; 4 — the air boost pressure sensor.

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6. Fig. 5. Infograms of the control of the elements of the internal combustion engine fuel system by the indicator of pressure change at: а — wear of the discharge valve; b — wear of the plunger pair; c — total wear of the discharge valve and the plunger pair; d — decrease in the pressure of the beginning of lifting the nozzle needle.

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7. Fig. 6. The results of digital monitoring of the state of the internal combustion engine: point A — the moment of the beginning of an increase in pressure in the fuel line; point B — the position of the piston of the first cylinder at the top dead center of the compression stroke; γ — the angle of advance of the fuel supply is determined by calculation.

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