Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the etiology and severity of respiratory viral infections in children

封面图片

如何引用文章

全文:

详细

Objective. To analyze the age-related characteristics of the contribution of influenza viruses, RSV, SARS-CoV-2, other pathogens to the development of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in children with an assessment of the disease severity depending on its etiology and epidemic period.

Materials and methods. SARI monitoring was carried out over six consecutive epidemic seasons, starting from 2018–2019 in 9 infectious hospitals of three cities of Russia with an assessment of the disease severity depending on its etiology.

Results. Among all hospitalized children, the proportion of children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza from 2018 to 2020 ranged from 25.7% to 44.7%, and for RSV infection from 25.7% to 26.8%. However, during the peak of the pandemic, these rates dropped significantly to 0.3% and 1.7%, respectively. In the subsequent three seasons (2021–2024), laboratory-confirmed influenza among hospitalized children was registered in 4.5–20.2% of cases, while RSV infection was identified in 13.4–24.1% of cases, accompanied by a shift in viral subgroups. RSV infections were most severe during the 2022–2023 season, presenting in some cases with hyperthermia, hypoxia, dyspnea, and altered consciousness. Among hospitalized children, the proportion with COVID-19 was relatively low in 2020–2021 (0.8–2.4%) but increased significantly to 10.6%–13.6% following the emergence of the Omicron variant in 2022, before decreasing again in subsequent years. The main genetic lineages of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in the Russian Federation are presented.

Conclusion. Influenza and RSV viruses were predominant among viral pathogens identified in hospitalized children aged ≤ 2 years. COVID-19 cases among children were relatively rare and generally less severe compared to RSV and rhinovirus infections.

作者简介

Anna Sominina

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: anna.sominina@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9671-0629

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of the of Risk Factors Assessment in Influenza and ARVI

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Darya Danilenko

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: daria.baibus@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6174-0836

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Head of the Department of Etiology and Epidemiology

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Andrey Komissarov

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: a.b.komissarov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1733-1255

Head of the lab. of molecular virology

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Artem Fadeev

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: artem.fadeev@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3558-3261

senior researcher, lab. of molecular virology

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Ksenia Komissarova

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: kseniya.sintsova@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1465-5548

researcher, lab. of molecular virology

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Maria Pisareva

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1499-9957

Candidate of Biological Sciences, leading researcher, lab. of molecular virology

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Tamila Musayeva

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: tamila.musaeva@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3050-1936

junior researcher, lab. of molecular virology

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Veronika Eder

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: veronika.eder@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9970-3325

PhD, senior researcher, lab. of molecular virology

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Tatiana Levanyuk

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: tatyana.levanyuk@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-6888-6848

leading programmer, Laboratory of Risk Factors Assessment in Influenza and ARVI

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Kirill Stolyarov

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: kirill@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1765-2799

leading programmer, lab. of epidemiology of influenza and ARVI

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Vera Krivitskaya

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: vera.kriv@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9146-0816

Doctor of Biological Sciences, leading researcher, Laboratory of Risk Factors Assessment for Influenza and ARVI

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Ekaterina Petrova

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: ekaterina.petrova@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2258-4679

researcher, Laboratory of Risk Factors Assessment for Influenza and ARVI

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Olga Afanasyeva

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: olga-afanaseva57@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1229-171X

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of RVI in children

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Veronika Timonina

SPB GUBZ St. Olga Children’s City Hospital

Email: karina88888888@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2887-0126

Doctor

俄罗斯联邦, 194156, St. Petersburg

Elena Obraztsova

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: alorz@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8762-6724

Candidate of Medical Sciences, senior researcher of the Department of RVI in children

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Ekaterina Golovacheva

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health

Email: ekaterina.golovacheva@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1934-7288

Doctor of Medical Sciences, senior researcher of the Department of RVI in children

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg

Elena Dondurey

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health; SPB GUBZ St. Olga Children’s City Hospital

Email: dondureyelena@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2382-9172

Candidate of Medical Sciences, senior researcher of the Department of RVI in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg; 194156, St. Petersburg

Evgenya Lelenkova

Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections “Virom”, Rospotrebnadzor

Email: lelenkova_ev@eniivi.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2004-0977

epidemiologist

俄罗斯联邦, 620030, Ekaterinburg

Olga Kurskaya

Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Research Institute of Virology

Email: kurskaya09_@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1931-2026

Candidate of Medical Sciences, senior researcher, lab. of virology

俄罗斯联邦, 630117, Novosibirsk

Alexander Shestopalov

Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Research Institute of Virology

Email: shestopalov2@ngs.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1880-8708

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Director

俄罗斯联邦, 630117, Novosibirsk

Dmitry Lioznov

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health; First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov

Email: dlioznov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3643-7354

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director

俄罗斯联邦, 197022, St. Petersburg; 197022, St. Petersburg

参考

  1. Puig-Barberà J., Tormos A., Trushakova S., Sominina A., Pisareva M., Ciblak M.A., et al. The Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN): a new platform to describe the epidemiology of severe influenza. Influenza Other Respir. Viruses. 2015; 9(6): 277–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12335
  2. Puig-Barberà J., Mira-Iglesias A., Burtseva E., Cowling B.J., Serhat U., Ruiz-Palacios G.M., et al. Influenza epidemiology and influenza vaccine effectiveness during the 2015-2016 season: results from the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network. BMC Infect. Dis. 2019; 19(1): 415. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4017-0
  3. Baselga-Moreno V., Trushakova S., McNeil S., Sominina A., Nunes M.C., Draganescu A., et al. Influenza epidemiology and influenza vaccine effectiveness during the 2016–2017 season in the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN). BMC Public Health. 2019; 19(1): 487. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6713-5
  4. Puig-Barberà J., Tormos A., Sominina A., Burtseva E., Launay O., Ciblak M.A., et al. First-year results of the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network: 2012-2013 Northern hemisphere influenza season. BMC Public Health. 2014; 14: 564. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-564
  5. Puig-Barberà J., Burtseva E., Yu H., Cowling B.J., Badur S., Kyncl J., et al. Influenza epidemiology and influenza vaccine effectiveness during the 2014–2015 season: annual report from the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network. BMC Public Health. 2016; 16(Suppl. 1): 757. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3378-1
  6. Simon B., Pichon M., Valette M., Burfin G., Richard M., Lina B., et al. Whole genome sequencing of A(H3N2) influenza viruses reveals variants associated with severity during the 2016–2017 season. Viruses. 2019; 11(2): 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11020108
  7. WHO. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2024–2025 northern hemisphere influenza season; 2024. Available at: https://who.int/news/item/23-02-2024-recommendations-announced-for-influenza-vaccine-composition-for-the-2024-2025-northern-hemisphere-influenza-season
  8. WHO. Global influenza strategy 2019–2030; 2019. Available at: https://who.int/publications/i/item/9789241515320
  9. Sominina A.A., Danilenko D.M., Komissarov A.B., Pisareva M.M., Musaeva T.D., Stolyarov K.A., et al. Changes in the etiological structure of severe acute respiratory viral infections in children and adults under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii. 2024; 101(3): 327–41. https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-532 (in Russian)
  10. Burtseva E.I., Kolobukhina L.V., Voronina O.L., Ignatjeva A.V., Mukasheva E.A., Panova A.D., et al. Features of the circulation of ARVI pathogens during of emergence and widespread of SARS-CoV-2 in the 2018–2021. Epidemiologiya i vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2022; 21(4): 16–25. https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2022-21-4-16-26 https://elibrary.ru/rnyfoi (in Russian)
  11. Burtseva E.I., Kolobukhina L.V., Panova A.D., Mukasheva E.A., Krasnoslobodtsev K.G., Kirillova E.S., et al. Properties of influenza viruses that caused epidemic increases in morbidity in Russia and countries of the world during 2022-2023. The effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis. Voprosy virusologii. 2024; 69(1): 42–55. https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-211 (in Russian)
  12. Sominina A.A., Danilenko D.M., Stolyarov K.A., Karpova L.S., Bakaev M.I., Levanyuk T.P., et al. Interference of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory viral infections agents during pandemic. Epidemiologiya i vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2021; 20(4): 28–139. https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-4-28-39 https://elibrary.ru/cdrnsj (in Russian)
  13. Olsen S.J., Azziz-Baumgartner E., Budd A.P., Brammer L., Sullivan S., Pineda R.F., et al. Decreased influenza activity during the COVID-19 pandemic – United States, Australia, Chile, and South Africa, 2020. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 2020; 69(37): 1305–9. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6937a6
  14. Adlhoch C., Mook P., Lamb F., Ferland L., Melidou A., Amato-Gauci A.J., et al. Very little influenza in the WHO European Region during the 2020/21 season, weeks 40 2020 to 8 2021. Euro Surveill. 2021; 26(11): 2100221. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.11.2100221
  15. Meslé M.M.I., Sinnathamby M., Mook P., Pebody R., Lakhani A., Zambon M., et al. Seasonal and inter-seasonal RSV activity in the European Region during the COVID-19 pandemic from autumn 2020 to summer 2022. Influenza Other Respir. Viruses. 2023; 17(11): e13219. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.13219
  16. Sominina A., Danilenko D., Komissarov A.B., Pisareva M., Fadeev A., Konovalova N., et al. Assessing the intense influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 epidemic and vaccine effectiveness in the post-COVID season in the Russian Federation. Viruses. 2023; 15(8): 1780. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081780
  17. Cohen L.E., Hansen C.L., Andrew M.K., McNeil S.A., Vanhems P., Kyncl J., et al. Predictors of severity of influenza-related hospitalizations: results from the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN). J. Infect. Dis. 2024; 229(4): 999–1009. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad303
  18. Karpova L.S., Volik K.M., Stolyarov K.A., Popovtseva N.M., Stolyarova T.P., Sominina A.A., et al. Features of epidemic process of influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 and a(h3n2) in Russia from 2009 to 2017. Voprosy virusologii. 2018; 63(4): 177–84. https://doi.org/10.18821/0507-4088-2018-63-4-177-184 https://elibrary.ru/ymvmwl (in Russian)
  19. Popova A.Yu., Smirnov V.S., Egorova S.A., Drozd I.V., Milichkina A.M., Dashkevich A.M., et al. Patterns in the development of collective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meditsinskaya immunologiya. 2023; 25(4): 759–66. https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-PIT-2867 (in Russian)
  20. Krivitskaya V.Z., Sintsova K.S., Petrova E.R., Sverlova M.V., Sorokin E.V., Tsareva T.R., et al. Genetic and antigenic characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus strains isolated in St. Petersburg in 2013–2016. Voprosy virusologii. 2017; 62(6): 273–82. https://doi.org/10.18821/0507-4088-2017-62-6-273-282 https://elibrary.ru/zuqevd (in Russian)
  21. Schobel S.A., Stucker K.M., Moore M.L., Anderson L.J., Larkin E.K., Shankar J., et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus whole-genome sequencing identifies convergent evolution of sequence duplication in the C-terminus of the G gene. Sci. Rep. 2016; 6: 26311. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep26311
  22. Rosas-Salazar C., Chirkova T., Gebretsadik T., Chappell J.D., Peebles R.S. Jr., Dupont W.D., et al. Respiratory syncytial virus infection during infancy and asthma during childhood in the USA (INSPIRE): a population-based, prospective birth cohort study. Lancet. 2023; 401(10389): 1669–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00811-5
  23. Gilbert B.E., Patel N., Lu H., Liu Y., Guebre-Xabier M., Piedra P.A., et al. Respiratory syncytial virus fusion nanoparticle vaccine immune responses target multiple neutralizing epitopes that contribute to protection against wild-type and palivizumab-resistant mutant virus challenge. Vaccine. 2018; 36(52): 8069–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.073
  24. Sun M., Lai H., Na F., Li S., Qiu X., Tian J., et al. Monoclonal antibody for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus in infants and children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Netw. Open. 2023; 6(2): e230023. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0023

补充文件

附件文件
动作
1. JATS XML
下载
2. Fig. 1. The main genetic lineages of SARS-CoV-2 (according to Pangolin classification) that circulated in the Russian Federation in 2020–2024 among children aged 0–17 years. The Y-axis shows the percentage of this line from the total number of SARS-CoV-2 sequences sequenced in this quarter; the X-axis shows the year and quarter of the study. n ≤ 5 – a combination of different lineages of the Omicron variant, each with a frequency not exceeding 5% in the overall structure of identified variants.

下载 (303KB)
索引源数据
3. Fig. 2. Age-related differences in the etiology of SARI in children admitted in hospital departments for ARI (HD) and in intensive care units (ICU) over a 6-year observation period. On the Y-axis – the frequency of detection of a given pathogen as a percentage of the total number of examined children of the specified age group. On X-axis – seasons.

下载 (811KB)
索引源数据

版权所有 © Sominina A.А., Danilenko D.M., Komissarov A.B., Fadeev A.V., Komissarova K.S., Pisareva M.M., Musayeva T.D., Eder V.A., Levanyuk T.P., Stolyarov K.A., Krivitskaya V.Z., Petrova E.R., Afanasyeva O.I., Timonina V.S., Obraztsova E.V., Golovacheva E.G., Dondurey E.A., Lelenkova E.V., Kurskaya O.G., Shestopalov A.M., Lioznov D.A., 2025

Creative Commons License
此作品已接受知识共享署名 4.0国际许可协议的许可

Согласие на обработку персональных данных с помощью сервиса «Яндекс.Метрика»

1. Я (далее – «Пользователь» или «Субъект персональных данных»), осуществляя использование сайта https://journals.rcsi.science/ (далее – «Сайт»), подтверждая свою полную дееспособность даю согласие на обработку персональных данных с использованием средств автоматизации Оператору - федеральному государственному бюджетному учреждению «Российский центр научной информации» (РЦНИ), далее – «Оператор», расположенному по адресу: 119991, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д.32А, со следующими условиями.

2. Категории обрабатываемых данных: файлы «cookies» (куки-файлы). Файлы «cookie» – это небольшой текстовый файл, который веб-сервер может хранить в браузере Пользователя. Данные файлы веб-сервер загружает на устройство Пользователя при посещении им Сайта. При каждом следующем посещении Пользователем Сайта «cookie» файлы отправляются на Сайт Оператора. Данные файлы позволяют Сайту распознавать устройство Пользователя. Содержимое такого файла может как относиться, так и не относиться к персональным данным, в зависимости от того, содержит ли такой файл персональные данные или содержит обезличенные технические данные.

3. Цель обработки персональных данных: анализ пользовательской активности с помощью сервиса «Яндекс.Метрика».

4. Категории субъектов персональных данных: все Пользователи Сайта, которые дали согласие на обработку файлов «cookie».

5. Способы обработки: сбор, запись, систематизация, накопление, хранение, уточнение (обновление, изменение), извлечение, использование, передача (доступ, предоставление), блокирование, удаление, уничтожение персональных данных.

6. Срок обработки и хранения: до получения от Субъекта персональных данных требования о прекращении обработки/отзыва согласия.

7. Способ отзыва: заявление об отзыве в письменном виде путём его направления на адрес электронной почты Оператора: info@rcsi.science или путем письменного обращения по юридическому адресу: 119991, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д.32А

8. Субъект персональных данных вправе запретить своему оборудованию прием этих данных или ограничить прием этих данных. При отказе от получения таких данных или при ограничении приема данных некоторые функции Сайта могут работать некорректно. Субъект персональных данных обязуется сам настроить свое оборудование таким способом, чтобы оно обеспечивало адекватный его желаниям режим работы и уровень защиты данных файлов «cookie», Оператор не предоставляет технологических и правовых консультаций на темы подобного характера.

9. Порядок уничтожения персональных данных при достижении цели их обработки или при наступлении иных законных оснований определяется Оператором в соответствии с законодательством Российской Федерации.

10. Я согласен/согласна квалифицировать в качестве своей простой электронной подписи под настоящим Согласием и под Политикой обработки персональных данных выполнение мною следующего действия на сайте: https://journals.rcsi.science/ нажатие мною на интерфейсе с текстом: «Сайт использует сервис «Яндекс.Метрика» (который использует файлы «cookie») на элемент с текстом «Принять и продолжить».