Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika
ISSN (print): 0579-2975
Media registration certificate: № 013308 от 23.01.1995
Founder: Kazan National Research Technical University after A.N.Tupolev-KAI
Editor-in-Chief: Vladimir A. Kostin, Dr. Sc., Proffesor
Frequency / Assess: 4 issues per year / Open
Included in: White List (3rd level), Higher Attestation Commission list, RISC
Current Issue
No 1 (2025)
Aircraft Equipment
Hydraulic Characteristics of Spatially Lattice Channels in Cooling Systems of Heat-Loaded Elements of Airborne Radio-Electronic Equipment
Abstract
Hydraulic characteristics of channels with spatial lattice structures obtained by laser selective sintering of metal powder are considered. The problems of cooling and thermal stabilization of heat-loaded elements of radio-electronic and electric power equipment under conditions of increasing heat generation of modern element base are investigated. Porous heat-exchange elements and their application with high-tech spatial lattice structures are analyzed. Application of spatial lattice structures as heat-exchange elements for optimization of heat transfer and ensuring high strength characteristics of structures is considered. The results of the research confirming the promising application of radiators based on spatial lattice structures in cooling and thermal stabilization systems with the provision of an optimal combination of hydraulic and heat exchange characteristics are obtained.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):3-9
3-9
Structural Mechanics and Strength of Flight Vehicles
Influence of Gyroscopic Damping Systems on Aeroelastic Oscillations of a Large Aircraft
Abstract
The impact of gyroscopic damping systems on the aeroelastic and strength characteristics of a large aircraft was assessed via a mathematical model of the aircraft aeroelasticity that takes into account the fuel fluidity in the wing fuel tanks. It is shown that the gyroscopic damping system designed after the diagram of a high-speed gyroscope provides the attenuation of oscillations of the engines installed on elastic pylons beneath the wing and allows us to eliminate the local aeroelastic instability caused by the interaction of torsional oscillations of the wing and motor elastic tones. The gyroscopic damping system designed after the diagram of a spring pendulum provides a reduction in the level of loads on the wing in the area of the first bending tone, which makes the main contribution to the total fatigue damage to the upper wing panel when moving on the ground. The calculation results for the Il-76, Tu-204 aircraft are presented.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):10-16
10-16
Clarification of the Surface Loading Energy for the Fuel Tank Diaphragm
Abstract
In the paper, a refined field of kinematically possible velocities is determined for the refined zone of plastic deformations of metal eversible diaphragms for fuel tanks. The solution of the left side of the energy principle equation is given, taking into account the refined velocities.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):17-22
17-22
Flight Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicles
Method of Synthesis of the Adaptive Noise-Immune Roll Angle Autopilot
Abstract
The problem of synthesizing the adaptive system for an aircraft roll angle automatic control, which ensures the uniformity of the object control in all flight modes using a combined self-adjusting loop, is considered. It is shown that the developed adaptive autopilot makes it possible to ensure the noise immunity of the roll channel under the action of stepwise and random disturbances. The simulation results are presented.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):23-31
23-31
Stochastic Estimation of Spatial Orientation Parameters of Mobile Complexes of Aircraft Radio Detection and Guidance
Abstract
The paper deals with the complex solution of the problem of stochastic estimation of spatial orientation parameters of mast antennas placed on mobile complexes of radio detection and guidance, and the very objects-carriers of antennas. The algorithm is proposed for estimating the spatial orientation parameters of the mast antenna and the mobile object-carrier based on the use of autonomous measuring instruments (inertial and non-inertial) with the most general assumptions about the nature of interference sensitive elements of the measuring complex. It is established that the algorithm invariant to the nature of the mast and object motion provides stability and accuracy of estimation required for mobile radio detection and guidance complexes of different base type in the absence of satellite measurements.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):32-44
32-44
Aero- and Gas-Dynamics of Flight Vehicles and Their Engines
Development of a Model of a Ducted Rotor and Experimental Study of Its Aerodynamic Characteristics
Abstract
A model of a ducted rotor is considered. Aerodynamic characteristics of the propulsor with different propellers at different flow speeds in a wind tunnel are obtained. The issue of manufacturing a four-bladed propeller using 3D printing is considered.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):45-51
45-51
Predicting the Vortex Formation Regimes behind an Obstacle in a Channel in Conditions of Sinusoidal Flow Rate Variation
Abstract
Two-dimensional optical measurements and spectral clustering were employed to study the effect of forced unsteadiness on the pattern of vortex formation behind a backward-facing step and an array of ribs. The Strouhal number ranged between 0.016 and 0.617, while the relative amplitude of velocity varied from 0.11 to 0.8. Three different unsteady regimes were observed and described in the near wake behind the obstacle, and the criteria characterizing these regimes were estimated. A unified flow map comprising the flows behind backward-facing steps and rib arrays was plotted. The flow map takes into account the variation of parameters. According to the study, the flow regimes can be predicted using only the Strouhal number. Correlation of the estimated boundaries between the flow regimes, the spectrum of natural frequencies, and flapping and shedding frequencies was analyzed. The amplitude of forced velocity pulsation was shown to affect the vortex formation.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):52-59
52-59
Aerospace Parachute Systems for the Return аnd Disposal of Space Blocks: Ballistics
Abstract
The paper considers the concept of using aerospace parachute systems that provide effective braking when moving in the atmosphere of returning blocks of launch vehicles and spacecraft stages. To test the use of aerospace parachute systems, ballistics is analyzed using the example of return of the Progress-M1 transport spacecraft cargo compartment. The experience of using parachute systems on the M-100 meteo rockets is considered.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):60-69
60-69
Aircraft and Rocket Engine Theory
Influence of Turbulence Model and Internal Cavity Accounting on the Results of Straight-Through Gas-Dynamic Calculation of a Small-Size Gas Turbine Engine
Abstract
The paper analyzes results of straight-through gas-dynamic calculation of a small-size turbojet engine from the point of view of using different turbulence models and taking into account internal cavities. A satisfactory convergence was found when comparing the calculation data with the engine test results. It is shown that for determination of engine parameters and characteristics of units, the modeling without taking into account the internal cavities, which reduces the design problem amount, is sufficient. Taking into account the internal cavities at the stage of numerical simulation allows solving the additional design problems, namely, the definition of leakage from the flow part and the rotor axial force.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):70-78
70-78
Gas Dynamics and Heat Transfer in the Helium Heating System of a Liquid Rocket Engine
Abstract
The paper analyzes the helium preparation system for supercharging of oxidizer and propellant tanks of liquid rocket engine. On the basis of results of numerical modeling of thermal and gas-dynamic processes, variants are proposed for enhancing the efficiency of the helium heating channel heat exchanger, which is a cooling jacket of the generator gas nozzle after the turbo-pump unit. The efficiency is improved by using an ordered roughness in the channels for the heated helium flow and upgrading the finning on the heating side of the generator gas.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):79-88
79-88
Aircraft Instruments and Instrumentation Computer Complexes
Automated Placement of Elements on a Printed Circuit Board of an Aircraft Electronic Device
Abstract
The quality criteria were developed to solve the problem of automated placement of elements on the printed circuit board in the aircraft electronic device. A technique for automated placement of elements on the printed circuit board in the electronic device was developed taking into account the thermal and electromagnetic compatibility. The proposed technique was tested by a practical example.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):89-96
89-96
Aircraft Production Technologies
Investigation of the Drawing Process for Obtaining the Spherical Bottoms
Abstract
The paper analyzes the drawing process in the context of the manufacture of large-sized spherical bottoms in production. The stages of computer modeling in the QForm software product for the initial workpiece made of aluminum alloy 1580 with a thickness of 1.5mm and a diameter of 426.9 mm are given, indicating the main process parameters, such as the material model, mechanical characteristics of the workpiece material, type of elements, kinematic loads, conditions of contact interaction of elements among themselves, etc. The thickness distribution on the spherical part of the bottom surface has been established. A complex method is used in the work including a comparison of the results obtained in an experimental press tool and in modeling.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):97-104
97-104
Influence of the Piston Crown Ceramic Coating on the Thermal State of Engine Parts and Heat Flows Distribution in the Combustion Chamber
Abstract
The influence of the coating formed on the piston crown using the microarc oxidation technology on the thermal state of engine parts and on the heat flows distribution in the combustion chamber is studied using the numerical modeling. It has been established that the coating reduces the temperature of the piston metal, thereby reducing the likelihood of its burnout. The coating on the piston crown also reduces the heat flow from the combustion chamber.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):105-111
105-111
Mathematical Model of Prepreg Deformation on a Curvilinear Surface
Abstract
A mathematical model of deformation of the prepreg (fabric) was developed when laying on the curvilinear surface of the equipment in the framework of the theory of geometrically nonlinear bending of a thin orthotropic plate with strong anisotropy. Analytical solutions are obtained for components of displacement fields and shear deformations of fabric depending on the function of the equipment curvilinear surface. Patterns of changes in orientations and mutual angles between threads were revealed when laying out the fabric on a given curved surface.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):112-121
112-121
Determination of Parameters and Verification of the Model for the Thermoforming Process of Polypropylene-Based Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic
Abstract
A set of input parameters for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic, required to build a computational model of a consolidated plate in the ESI PAM-FORM software, has been defined. The results of measuring these characteristics, including test data obtained in the absence of standards, are presented. Based on the acquired material input parameters, calculations of fiber shear angles and thickness variation of the product during thermoforming were performed. Distribution maps of thickness and reinforcement angles, obtained from simulations of the "double dome" test specimen, are provided. Verification of the computational model was conducted by comparing the fiber shear angles derived from simulations with those measured on the physical specimen using the Apodius machine vision system.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):122-130
122-130
Automation of Design and Production of Aeronautical Equipment
An Approach to Building Knowledge Bases for Aviation Diagnostics Tasks
Abstract
The paper describes the extension of the author's approach to building prototypes of declarative knowledge bases of classical expert systems based on model transformations through the use of state transition diagrams and decision tables. These methods describe in the form of logical rules the information about relationships between the external signs of malfunctions and the causes, as well as between troubleshooting operations. The approach has been tested during the adaptation of the AviaTekhPom.Terminal application for the Cessna 182T air conditioning system and Sukhoi Superjet 100 (RRJ-95) power supply, control, and air conditioning systems. The estimation of results showed the expediency of using the described approach for modeling the branching scenarios of operations, verifying decision tables, and technical manuals.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):131-139
131-139
Radio Engineering and Communication
Experimental Studies of the Impact of Electromagnetic Influences from Aircraft Interface Communication Lines on Radio Receivers through Antenna Systems
Abstract
The paper describes the experimental studies of the emission of electromagnetic interference from aircraft onboard equipment interface communication lines on radio receivers through antenna systems. The antenna-feeder path of the aircraft radio receivers acts as the main receiver of electromagnetic influences. An experimental test bench has been developed for studying electromagnetic influences arising at the input of a radio receiver of radio electronic units when electromagnetic interference affects the onboard equipment interface communication lines. An aircraft with composite fuselage and empennage is considered.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):140-146
140-146
Estimation of Acoustic Characteristics for Low-Frequency Sound-Absorbing Structure Samples with Different Hole Geometry by Transfer Function Method at High Sound Pressure Levels
Abstract
The acoustic characteristics of low-frequency sound-absorbing structure test samples with extended necks under high sound pressure levels have been examined. An assessment of acoustic absorption and viscous dissipative losses has been conducted for samples with round holes and holes in the shape of a slot and a star-pentagram.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):147-160
147-160
Methodology for Determining the Level of Fractional Interference in Frequency Synthesizers with Fractional Variable Frequency Dividers
Abstract
The architecture of a pulse-continuous model of a multi-detector pulse-phase frequency auto-tuning system of a frequency synthesizer with frequency dividers with a fractional-variable division coefficient for determining the level of fractional interference is presented. Analytical expressions have been obtained and a program has been developed in the MATLAB system to determine the level of fractional interference when using a multiaccumulator frequency synthesizer. The results of spectral analysis of the output signal phase of a frequency synthesizer in a broadband sampled phase-locked loop system are presented. A method is proposed for determining the level of fractional interference in a frequency synthesizer, taking into account the time quantization of processes in an ideal pulse element using the mathematical model of a frequency synthesizer in the state space. The effect of the spread of the response delays of multiple pulse-phase detectors from the multiaccumulator on the level of fractional interference is analyzed. The results of a spectral analysis of the level of fractional interference using the mathematical model of a frequency synthesizer that takes into account the delay in the operation of a separate pulse-phase detector are presented.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):161-174
161-174
Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Synthetic Aperture Radar Signals Taking into Account Reflections from Targets and Local Objects
Abstract
The paper considers the spatial and temporal characteristics of radar signals reflected from targets and local objects. When considering the system, it is taken into account that synthetic aperture radar stations are installed on carrier aircraft. The presence of spatial and temporal differences in the characteristics of signals reflected from a moving ground target and the underlying surface can be used in solving the problem of synthesising an optimal signal processing device for a moving ground target during continuous measurement of its coordinates or automatic tracking.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):175-184
175-184
LibreSDR: Development and Experimental Validation of Embedded Software
Abstract
The paper considers the developed embedded software of the LibreSDR software-defined radio platform. As a result of the study, a formalized description of the LibreSDR embedded software project is obtained, and the problem of calibration of the reference oscillator of the high-frequency transceiver is solved with experimental validation under conditions of receiving and decoding the signal of the operator base station of mobile radio communication.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):185-193
185-193
On the Construction of a Multi-Loop Feedback System in a Pulse Voltage Converter
Abstract
The paper presents a retrospective review of the design methods for linear feedback loops of a pulse voltage converter using various methods of transition from a nonlinear pulse voltage converter to a linear model. These methods allow the use of frequency stability criteria that are most convenient and pictorial for engineering analysis. The importance of correct determination (calculation and measurement) of the pulse voltage converter loop gain for determining the stable operating mode of the pulse voltage converter, as well as the importance of correct determination (calculation and measurement) of the frequency characteristics of various loops of the loop gain of the pulse voltage converter with multi-loop feedback are shown.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):194-218
194-218
Technical Notes Aircraft and Rocket Engine Design and Development
Investigation of the Formation of Toxic Substances in the Combustion Products of a Turbulent Flame
Abstract
The paper describes the test bench equipment and the results of a study on the content of toxic substances in the combustion products of a turbulent flame of a homogeneous kerosene-air mixture as well as in the combustion products at the outlet of several variants of burner devices. The content of toxic substances is presented as a function of the excess air coefficient. A burner device with a minimum content of toxic substances has been selected.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):219-226
219-226
TECHNICAL NOTES Aircraft and Rocket Engine Theory
Investigation of Mass Transfer in the Recirculation Zone with the Main Flow of Pseudoliquid Fuel
Abstract
The paper presents results of experimental studies on the mass transfer process between the recirculation zone and the main flow of pseudoliquid fuel in a combustion chamber with sudden expansion. Dependencies of the residence time of aluminum particles in the recirculation zone on the characteristic size H, initial velocity u0, and turbulence intensity ε0 of the incoming flow have been obtained. It has been demonstrated that the intensity of the mass transfer process between the recirculation zone and the main flow of an aluminum-air mixture with the particle sizes d32 = 7.4 μm, as well as for a gas-air mixture, can be estimated using the dimensionless residence time.
Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Aviacionnaâ tehnika. 2025;(1):227-232
227-232