Experimental study on the effects of a novel bone graft material based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and simvastatin on bone formation
- Authors: Salekh K.M.1, Volkov A.V.1, Muraev A.A.1, Bonartsev A.P.2,3, Voinova V.V.2, Dymnikov A.B.4, Dolgalev A.A.5, Ivanov S.Y.4,6
-
Affiliations:
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
- Stavropol State Medical University
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 31, No 2 (2025)
- Pages: 159-167
- Section: Original Research Articles
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/0869-2106/article/view/313388
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf653435
- ID: 313388
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, no currently available bone graft material reliably provides predictable outcomes for the treatment of jawbone defects. Given the increasing number of patients with alveolar bone atrophy and post-traumatic jaw defects, the development of new materials with osteoinductive properties remains highly relevant, underscoring the importance of research in bone tissue engineering.
AIM: To assess the osteoinductive potential of a novel bone graft material based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) loaded with simvastatin in an in vivo sheep model.
METHODS: A single-center, prospective, comparative study was conducted between December 2022 and June 2023, involving 24 healthy sheep weighing 65–70 kg and aged 18–24 months. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria ensured group homogeneity. Under general and local anesthesia, a lateral window approach to the maxillary sinus was performed to create a bony window for implantation. Group 1 received simvastatin-loaded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules; group 2 received the same material without simvastatin. The primary outcome was the presence of morphological signs of osteoinduction, including the formation of new bone tissue. Secondary outcomes included morphometric assessment of structural bone parameters, such as the relative volume of newly formed bone and osteogenic activity.
RESULTS: Assessments were performed at 3 and 6 months post-implantation. At 3 months, granules of the bone graft material in group 1 were surrounded by moderate connective tissue and multiple foci of active osteogenesis around the simvastatin-loaded granules. In group 2, connective tissue predominated around the implanted granules, with isolated osteogenic foci. At 6 months, group 1 exhibited reduced connective tissue, persistent osteogenic foci, and predominantly mature lamellar bone. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that the relative volume of newly formed bone in the simvastatin group was 34.5% at 3 months and 63.4% at 6 months, significantly exceeding that of the control group (21.4 and 36.8%, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Simvastatin-loaded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules significantly enhance bone formation. However, the long-term effects of simvastatin application require further investigation.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Karina M. Salekh
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Author for correspondence.
Email: ms.s.karina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4415-766X
SPIN-code: 1798-1439
Russian Federation, Moscow
Alexey V. Volkov
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Email: volkov-av@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5611-3990
SPIN-code: 1126-1347
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowAlexander A. Muraev
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Email: muraev_aa@pfur.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3982-5512
SPIN-code: 1431-5936
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowAnton P. Bonartsev
Lomonosov Moscow State University; Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: ant_bonar@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5894-9524
SPIN-code: 1688-2226
Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowVera V. Voinova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Email: veravoinova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0253-6461
SPIN-code: 6293-0462
Cand. Sci. (Biology)
Russian Federation, MoscowAlexander B. Dymnikov
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
Email: dymnikov_ab@pfur.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8980-6235
SPIN-code: 7254-4306
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowAlexander A. Dolgalev
Stavropol State Medical University
Email: dolgalev@dolgalev.pro
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6352-6750
SPIN-code: 5941-5771
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, StavropolSergey Yu. Ivanov
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Email: syivanov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5458-0192
SPIN-code: 2607-2679
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowReferences
- Xue N, Ding X, Huang R, et al. Bone tissue engineering in the treatment of bone defects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15(7):879. doi: 10.3390/ph15070879 EDN: XSCCJQ
- Migliorini F, La Padula G, Torsiello E, et al. Strategies for large bone defect reconstruction after trauma, infections or tumour excision: a comprehensive review of the literature. Eur J Med Res. 2021;26(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s40001-021-00593-9 EDN: ISWTSA
- Abbas M, Alqahtani MS, Alhifzi R. Recent developments in polymer nanocomposites for bone regeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(4):3312. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043312 EDN: AMDKCU
- Saberian E, Jenča A, Zafari Y, et al. Scaffold application for bone regeneration with stem cells in dentistry: literature review. Cells. 2024;13(12):1065. doi: 10.3390/cells13121065 EDN: AKFWSK
- Kobozev MI, Balandina MA, Semenova YuA, et al. The use of osteoplastic material, containing vascular endothelial growth factor, in case of socket preservation. The Journal of Scientific Articles Health and Education Millennium. 2016;18(1):116–122. EDN: VPUHXD
- Aleynik DY, Bokov AE, Charykova IN, et al. Functionalization of osteoplastic material with human placental growth factor and assessment of biocompatibility of the resulting material in vitro. Pharmaceutics. 2024;16(1):85. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010085 EDN: IAGLTO
- Venkatesan N, Liyanage ADT, Castro-Núñez J, et al. Biodegradable polymerized simvastatin stimulates bone formation. Acta Biomater. 2019;93:192–199. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.059
- Wu T, Sun J, Tan L, et al. Enhanced osteogenesis and therapy of osteoporosis using simvastatin loaded hybrid system. Bioact Mater. 2020;5(2):348–357. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.03.004 EDN: DLTJMM
- Granat MM, Eifler-Zydel J, Kolmas J. Statins-their role in bone tissue metabolism and local applications with different carriers. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(4):2378. doi: 10.3390/ijms25042378 EDN: WWCWHI
- Masaeli R, Jafarzadeh Kashi TS, Dinarvand R, et al. Efficacy of the biomaterials 3wt%-nanostrontium-hydroxyapatite-enhanced calcium phosphate cement (nanoSr-CPC) and nanoSr-CPC-incorporated simvastatin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic-acid) microspheres in osteogenesis improvement: An explorative multi-phase experimental in vitro/vivo study. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2016;69:171–183. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.033 EDN: WOUWCT
- Zahedipour F, Butler AE, Rizzo M, Sahebkar A. Statins and angiogenesis in non-cardiovascular diseases. Drug Discov Today. 2022;27(10):103320. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.005 EDN: LWYRGW
- Salekh KM, Muraev AA, Dolgalev AA, et al. Efficacy of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate enriched with simvastatin in bone regeneration after tooth extraction (experimental study). Modern Technologies in Medicine. 2024;16(5):27–34. doi: 10.17691/stm2024.16.5.03
- Ghassemi T, Shahroodi A, Ebrahimzadeh MH, et al. Current concepts in scaffolding for bone tissue engineering. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2018;6(2):90–99.
- Bharadwaz A, Jayasuriya AC. Recent trends in the application of widely used natural and synthetic polymer nanocomposites in bone tissue regeneration. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020;110:110698. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110698 EDN: XRCKMB
- Alonzo M, Primo FA, Kumar SA, et. al. Bone tissue engineering techniques, advances and scaffolds for treatment of bone defects. Curr Opin Biomed Eng. 2021;17:100248. doi: 10.1016/j.cobme.2020.100248 EDN: FSWGDC
- Alsawah GM, Al-Obaida MI, Al-Madi EM. Effect of a simvastatin-impregnated chitosan scaffold on cell growth and osteoblastic differentiation. Applied Sciences (Switzerland). 2021;11(12):5346. doi: 10.3390/app11125346 EDN: BHIIQX
- Delan WK, Ali IH, Zakaria M, et al. Investigating the bone regeneration activity of PVA nanofibers scaffolds loaded with simvastatin/chitosan nanoparticles in an induced bone defect rabbit model. Int J Biol Macromol. 2022;222(Pt B):2399–2413. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.026 EDN: YSOLJW
- Olkhov AA, Muraev AA, Volkov AV. Structure and properties of bioresorbed materials based on polylactide for regenerative medicine. All Materials. Encyclopaedic Reference Manual. 2021;(1):7–15. doi: 10.31044/1994-6260-2021-0-1-7-15
- Bonartsev AP, Bonartseva GA, Reshetov IV, et al. Application of polyhydroxyalkanoates in medicine and the biological activity of natural poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Acta Naturae. 2019;11(2):4–16. doi: 10.32607/20758251-2019-11-2-4-16 EDN: HQISMC
- Bonartsev AP, Voinova VV, Volkov AV. Scaffolds based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and its copolymers for bone tissue engineering (review). Modern Technologies in Medicine. 2022;18(5):78–91. doi: 10.17691/stm2022.14.5.07 EDN: WXKFER
- Ni Q, Zhu J, Li Z, et al. Simvastatin promotes rat Achilles tendon-bone interface healing by promoting osteogenesis and chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. Cell Tissue Res. 2023;391(2):339–355. doi: 10.1007/s00441-022-03714-w EDN: XSXKCG
Supplementary files
