New trends in non-surgical treatment of osteoarthritis. Short review

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Abstract

At least 240 million people worldwide have symptomatic osteoarthritis and its prevalence is increasing. Current protocols for non-surgical treatment are very limited, and the number of surgical interventions on joints is increasing. Given the global prevalence of this disease, an effective disease-modifying strategy is needed to relieve symptoms and slow progression. Search literature using: PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka. Search keywords: osteoarthritis, obesity, gut microbiota, dietary, gut-joint axis, inflammation, osteoarthritis, obesity, intestinal microbiota, gut-joint axis, inflammation. The depth of the review was mainly for the last 5 years. Unsaturated fatty acids and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have a more pronounced pro-inflammatory effect, while n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have an anti-inflammatory effect. The gut-joint axis hypothesis is based on possible cross-connections between the joint and the gut. To date, there are four mechanisms by which bacteria can influence the development of arthritis. There are studies examining the modulation of gut microbiota through the use of prebiotics and probiotics. Thus new trends in non-surgical treatment of osteoarthritis include: influence on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, modeling nutrition, modification of the microbiota.

About the authors

Angela S. Mulyk

Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies at Saint Petersburg State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: md.amulyk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-5041-1915
SPIN-code: 6091-8422

MD

Russian Federation, 154 embankment of the Fontanka River, 190020 St. Petersburg

Dmitry G. Alekseev

University of educational medicine

Email: exappeal@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0783-1176
SPIN-code: 5507-5060

Cand. Sci. (Biology), associate professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anton A. Akulaev

Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies at Saint Petersburg State University

Email: antonakulaev@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0502-8120
SPIN-code: 6975-8820

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, 154 embankment of the Fontanka River, 190020 St. Petersburg

Alexander V. Gubin

Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies at Saint Petersburg State University

Email: shugu19@gubin.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3234-8936
SPIN-code: 2014-6518

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor

Russian Federation, 154 embankment of the Fontanka River, 190020 St. Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Obesity, sedentary lifestyle, increased consumption of omega-6 PUFAs, dysbiosis contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. The image was generated by a neural network.

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