Serum markers for immunological response to metal alloys of endoprostheses

A study of solid-phase structures of blood serum using wedge-shaped and marginal dehydration methods (Litos system technology) was conducted in order to find out the causes of an inflammatory reaction followed by fibrosis in the second operated joint in a patient with bilateral knee arthritis. The study was aimed at identifying specific morphological markers that characterize the body’s response to the endoprosthesis material. Its solid-phase structures indicated the activation of a hyperergic reaction with daily incubation of blood serum with an alloy of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium. On the contrary, the immunological activity of blood serum can be suppressed and the structures present in it can be transformed into amorphous detritus with the incubation of an alloy of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum. It was observed from the study that the nature of the immunological reaction of a sensitized organism depends on the type of metals that are part of the endoprosthesis. The immune response causes inflammation of the periarticular tissue, followed by its fibrosation and the formation of a scar demarcation shell that separates the periarticular tissue from the endoprosthesis and performs the function of an immunological barrier on the alloy of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium. On the other hand, an immunological reaction causes the destruction of inflamed periarticular tissue, followed by gradual destruction of the articular bag on the alloy of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum.