The Role of Sucrose Synthase in Sink Organs of Woody Plants

Abstract

Sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13) (SS) is the enzyme that regulates participation of sucrose in metabolism of the cells of the cambial zone of woody plants, thereby governing the structure and quality of wood. Much data have been accumulated about the role of SS in the formation of cell wall components and synthesis of storage metabolites. However, the majority of investigations were carried out with herbaceous plants. In this review, possible mechanisms of the enzyme activity regulation are examined and the isoenzyme composition and expression profiles of the genes encoding SS in woody plants are shown. We have analyzed literature data about the possible role of SS in phloem unloading, synthesis of the components of xylem cell walls, and its participation in starch accumulation in woody plants during different scenarios of xylogenesis.