Clinical and epidemiological aspects of primary immunodeficiencies in the Republic of Karakalpakstan
- Authors: Kalandarova A.N.1, Jiemuratova G.K.1, Ismailova A.A.2, Matkarimova A.A.3
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Affiliations:
- Nukus Branch of the Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
- Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
- Multidisciplinary Pediatric Center, Republic of Karakalpakstan
- Issue: Vol 27, No 3 (2024)
- Pages: 567-572
- Section: SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1028-7221/article/view/267525
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-16883-CAE
- ID: 267525
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Abstract
Studying the prevalence of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) is an important aspect of epidemiological research, as it allows for assessing the frequency of these diseases occurring in different regions. The distribution of PID may vary depending on ethnic background and geographical location. Information on the prevalence of PID at regional, national, and international levels enables a more accurate determination of the scale of the problem and the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Studying the epidemiological and clinical profile of congenital immune disorders (PID) in the Republic of Karakalpakstan is crucial for understanding the prevalence, age and gender structure, as well as the spectrum of nosological forms of these rare diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of congenital immune disorders, primary immunodeficiencies in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The study material consisted of data on patients receiving inpatient treatment at a multidisciplinary children’s hospital in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and those under the care of an allergist-immunologist in the outpatient clinic at district medical centers in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The average delay in diagnosis from the onset of clinical manifestation of PID in the region was 2.7 years. It was found that the mortality rate was 2.8%. Screening tests for verifying PID in the diagnostic search stage included clinical and biochemical blood analyses, and determination of serum immunoglobulins. At the time of diagnosis, patients exhibited a significant decrease in IgG and IgA immunoglobulin levels. In addition to the disorder in the humoral branch of adaptive immunity, children with this disease showed a decrease in the absolute number of T lymphocytes. The data obtained from the study indicate insufficient diagnosis of primary immunodeficiencies in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, which may serve as a basis for the development of educational programs aimed at increasing awareness of primary immunodeficiencies. Further research and systematization of information on patients with primary immunodeficiencies are necessary for the development of regional programs for the implementation of screening diagnostics.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
A. N. Kalandarova
Nukus Branch of the Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Email: gulparshin_76@mail.ru
PhD, MD, Head of the Laboratory
Uzbekistan, NukusG. K. Jiemuratova
Nukus Branch of the Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Author for correspondence.
Email: gulparshin_76@mail.ru
PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate
Uzbekistan, NukusA. A. Ismailova
Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Email: gulparshin_76@mail.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Fundamental Immunology
Uzbekistan, TashkentA. A. Matkarimova
Multidisciplinary Pediatric Center, Republic of Karakalpakstan
Email: gulparshin_76@mail.ru
PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Chief Physician
Uzbekistan, NukusReferences
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