Changes in CD184 and CD195 expression on various monocyte subpopulations in patients with acute pancreatitis during complex treatment with cytoflavin

The development of therapies for acute pancreatitis (AP) should consider their immune effects. Monocytes play a key role in innate and adaptive immune responses in AP. Cytoflavin has immunocorrective effects but there are lacking data on its influence on monocyte function. Our aim was to investigate the effect of cytoflavin on CD184 and CD195 expression in monocyte subpopulations during AP treatment. 35 patients (mean age 48.7±5.8 years) with moderate and severe AP were divided into two groups: 18 received standard therapy, 17 received cytoflavin. Blood samples were taken before and after 14 days of treatment. Control group: 32 healthy age-matched individuals. Monocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Before the start of treatment, patients with AP showed an increase in the number of CD14+CD16+ monocytes, the level of which normalized after treatment with cytoflavin. The number of CD14++CD16-CD184+ and CD14+CD16+CD184+ monocytes increases in patients with AP before the start of treatment, as does the level of receptor expression on these subsets. The content of monocytes with these phenotypes did not change after standard treatment but increased significantly with cytoflavin treatment. The monocyte subpopulations expressing CD195 were increased in AP patiets before treatment. After therapy with cytoflavin, the level of CD195+ “classical” and “transitional” monocytes decreased, while the level of CD195 expression increased among “transitional” and “non-classical” monocytes. The inflammatory reaction in patients with AP before the start of treatment is characterized by the presence of compensatory processes, due to increased content of monocytes with anti-inflammatory function. Increased numbers of monocytes express CXCR4 and CCR5 during the acute phase of the disease. Conventional therapy doesn’t lead to changes in the subset composition of monocytes and the number of cells expressing CXCR4 and CCR5. After treatment with cytoflavin, the subpopulation profile of monocytes is normalized, a redistribution of migrating monocytes is observed: the content of proinflammatory cells decreases and the level of cells with anti-inflammatory and antigen-presenting activity increases.