Vol 38, No 6 (2016)

The article shows the possibility of formation of hydrogen peroxide when treating samples of various types of water (high resistant, distilled and tap water) by vacuum ultraviolet radiation (λ = 185 nm). It has been found the impact of temperature, the pH and dissolved CO₂ on the kinetics of formation of hydrogen peroxide in photolysis of water.

The article has proposed a new method of intensification of the dehydration of clayey dispersion based on the use of an electrochemically active diaphragm. Analyzed was impact of a carbon diaphragm on the distribution of the field tension in a cell and the electroosmotic transport of the liquid at different pH of the porous solution. Optimal conditions for dehydration of a model dispersion have been determined.

laboratory, pilot and production tests were carried out aimed at the use of powder clinoptilolite jointly with aluminum sulfate to improve the quality of purification of the Dnieper river water. The article showed the advantages of a combined use of these reagents: higher degree of purification, lower consumption of regents, and smaller volume of deposits. The research has begun to obtain composite coagulant by treating with hot sulfuric acid of clinoptilolite and aluminum hydroxide. First research has been conducted of water coagulation under laboratory conditions using composite coagulant and its efficiency was demonstrated.

Liquid–phase extraction technology providing the maximum wastewater purification from such electrolyte composition components as butylglycol, phenylisopropanol, ascetic acid, and acetylacetone has been developed. A mathematical model of the process is proposed that takes into account the hydrodynamics of liquid flow and mass transfer in phases for each component. The differential cell model was used to determine the process parameters and calculate the basic dimensions of extractor. In addition, a three-stage process flowsheet with minimum extractant consumption was also presented.

Described are main problems of biotesting natural water. Defined are principles for formation of a test system and factors influencing it. Proposed are main areas for the choice of sensitive test reaction of organisms and test criteria for assessing the quality of natural water by the results of their biotesting.

The behavior pattern of the content of disinfection by-products in samples from the clean water reservoir of the Dnieper water supply plant as a function of the total organic carbon concentration, ultraviolet absorption at λ = 254 nm, and the specific ultraviolet absorption has been investigated. It was established that with due regard for specific peculiarities of the Dnieper water composition in different year seasons, the total organic carbon concentration was the most expedient for a potential-determining indicator of trihalomethanes formation.

The aim of the present investigation was to draw the current scenario of arsenic (As) contamination in drinking water of community tube well and drinking water treated by tube wells installed with different adsorbent media-based treatment plants in districts Nadia, Hooghly and North 24-Parganas districts, West Bengal, India. As removal efficiencies of different treatment plants varied from 23 to 71%, which is largely governed by adsorption capacity of adsorbent and influencing environmental factors. Though investigated treatment plants removed substantial amount of As from tube well water, high As concentration in treated drinking water was retained after passing through the treatment plants. This high level of As concentration in tube well water and retention of high As concentration in treated drinking water were severe for the consumers which therefore, indicating the improvement of removal efficiency of treatment plant by meticulously considering favorable influencing factors or/and application of other high capacity treatment alternatives to adsorb the excess As retained in drinking water and regular monitoring of As concentration in the treated drinking water are indispensable.