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Том 61, № 7 (2018)
- Год: 2018
- Статей: 7
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1068-364X/issue/view/13956
Article
Global Coal, Coke, and Steel Markets and Innovations in Coke Production: A Report on the European Coke 2018 Summit
Аннотация
235-245
Coal
Assessment of the Microelement Distribution among the Structural Components of Coal
Аннотация
Abstract—Methods have been developed for statistical assessment of the distribution of the gross content of microelements among the main components of the coal. Thus, by a process of resolution, a series of concentrations is obtained: in the initial coal → in the mineral component → in the organic matter of the coal (I) → in the organic matter of the coal series, such as humic acids (II) → in the organic matter of the biochemical series (III). The gross content of a microelement in the initial coal must be regarded as the sum of its concentrations in different components: the concentration in the mineral component due to clastic mineral impurity; the concentration in organic component (I), which is the sum of the concentrations created by organic matter in the coal itself and the infiltration–organic concentration; and the bioorganic concentration, associated with coalification of the biomass (III). The details of these distributions are considered. As an illustration, the gross content of germanium is analyzed to determine the germanium concentrations in the main components of coal from the Pogranichnoe and Irgensk fields of the Zabaikal region.
246-253
Coke
Influence of Coke Quality on the Efficiency in Blast Furnaces of Different Size
Аннотация
The influence of the coke strength M25 and abradability M10 and the proportion of >80 mm coke pieces on the furnace productivity and coke consumption is analyzed on the basis of mean monthly operational data for 2000-, 2700-, and 5000-m3 blast furnaces. The influence of these coke parameters on blast-furnace operation is more pronounced for larger furnaces.
254-261
Chemistry
Modification of Electrode Pitch
Аннотация
The phenolic fraction of coal tar may be used to modify the group composition and rheology of pitch, according to the results of the present study. Modification of electrode pitch with a softening temperature of 55°C changes the group composition of the β fraction. That improves characteristics such as the sorptional capacity, limiting wetting angle, and wetting index. Theoretical and practical research shows that introducing 15–20% of the phenolic fraction in 1000 g of pitch improves its plasticity. The processes responsible for the characteristics of pitch in each technological step are studied. The thermochemical transformations of the pitch components with coal tar at low levels of pyrolysis are identified. By this means, the group composition of coal pitch may be modified.
262-265
Sorption of Cobalt Cations by Humic Acids
Аннотация
The reaction of cobalt cations with humic acids produced from Tisul lignite (Kansko-Achinsk Basin) is investigated. The influence of modification by hydrogen peroxide on the functional-group composition of the humic acids and their sorptional properties is considered. The sorptional capacity of the modified and unmodified humic acids is determined. IR Fourier, ESR, and 13C NMR (CP MAS) data show that the sorption of cobalt cations by modified and unmodified humic acids occurs by two mechanisms: ion exchange and complex formation.
266-269
Automation of Production
270-273
Utilization of Production Wastes
Light-Induced Gasification of Fuels Prepared from Coal-Enrichment Wastes
Аннотация
The light-induced gasification of coal–water fuel slurry prepared from coal-enrichment wastes is considered. Under the action of powerful laser pulses, the coal–water slurry is converted to synthesis gas, consisting mainly of CO and H2, with admixtures of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, as well as water vapor. The targeted supply of heat to the fuel surface by the laser beam triggers pyrolysis in the irradiated region, whereas the mean temperature of the fuel portion in gasification does not exceed 100°C. The efficiency of gasification is considered as a function of the laser intensity. Above the intensity threshold (10–11 J/cm2), the efficiency of gasification falls sharply on account of the production of a fine fuel aerosol, which is dispersed from the laser spot on the fuel surface.
274-280