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Том 61, № 3 (2018)
- Год: 2018
- Статей: 6
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1068-364X/issue/view/13967
Coal
Rapid Quality Assessment of Coal
Аннотация
No satisfactory methods are available for rapid and reliable prediction of one or more coal characteristics. The ignition temperature tig of coal, determined in assessing the oxidation of coal in accordance with Ukrainian State Standard DSTU 7611:2014, may be regarded as a useful predictor of coal quality. Research shows that tig depends on the composition and ordering of the coal’s organic mass. Mathematical and graphical means of predicting the Vdaf and Ro values of coal are developed.
79-86
Influence of Microwave Radiation on the Pyrogenetic Transformation of Coal Grains
Аннотация
As for other dielectrics, the heating of coal by microwave radiation is based on polarization of its organic mass. This is probably because the heating of coal by microwave radiation is the result of polarization of macromolecules in coal’s organic mass, facilitating oscillatory, pulsational, and rotary motion of electrical dipoles, charges, and electrons. In such conditions, the microwave radiation changes the polarity of the particles, which begin reciprocating motion at the same frequency. Accordingly, the temperature increases over the whole coal volume. In each coal grain, as a result, the coal’s organic mass undergoes pyrogenetic transformation. Solid, liquid, and gas phases are formed as a result of primary pyrolysis. The gaseous phases are volatile aromatic hydrocarbons, which are the main components of the primary coal tar and create pressure at the internal surface of the coal grain. The results permit analysis of the destructive processes within the coal grains, which permit more profound intramolecular changes in the organic mass on account of polarization. That facilitates oscillatory, pulsational, and rotary motion of the electrical dipoles, charges, and electrons, which, in turn, is responsible for heat liberation. Microwave heating of a coal grain increases the temperature by more than 500°C. That facilitates the formation of plastic mass and the sintering of the coal grains.
87-90
Coke
Calculation of the Heat Transfer in Coke Dry Quenching by Numerical Modeling
Аннотация
The air flow and heat transfer in a coke dry quenching (CDQ) system are analyzed by simulation using FloEFD software, within the framework of a modified k–ε model of turbulence. The calculated temperatures are compared with operational data. The accuracy of the simulation is acceptable. The proposed method may be used for engineering calculations in the design and refinement of CDQ systems or their components, with significant decrease in experiment costs.
91-97
Chemistry
Disposal of Pipeline Residues from Coke-Oven Gas Transportation
Аннотация
The solid residue and condensate from the pipeline transportation of coke-oven gas are investigated. Approaches to disposal of the residue are considered: pyrolysis in coking batch; furnace incineration at thermal power plants; addition to coal tar; and utilization together with heavy tars from the cleaning of tar storage tanks. The residue contains up to 69.4% naphthalene. A technology is proposed for the utilization of solid residue and condensate from the transportation of coke-oven gas.
98-103
Selective Recovery of Components of Coke-Oven Gas in the Benzene Department of a Coke Plant
Аннотация
Benzene hydrocarbons are captured in a multicomponent system consisting of coke-oven gas and absorbing oil. On that basis, it is of interest to consider the possibility of selective impurity capture. The benzene department of the coke plant may be used for more complete removal of organosulfur compounds from coke-oven gas. The possibility of more selective recovery of benzene hydrocarbons in the presence of sulfur-bearing and unsaturated components is considered. That would permit optimization of the reagent consumption in sulfuric-acid washing during the rectification of raw benzene.
104-111
Industrial Safety
Influence of Temperature on the Methane Content of Kuznetsk Basin Coking Coal
Аннотация
The influence of temperature on the sorptional properties of coking coal is investigated. A procedure for mine and laboratory experiments on coal samples is described. The test results differ from the actual change in gas content as a function of the temperature in intact coal beds.
112-115