Intervarietal Differences of Winter Wheat in Conditions of the Southeastern Volga-Vyatka Region

Abstract

The article makes an effort to assess ten varieties of winter wheat and select the ones most adapted to the conditions of the study region, which would combine a significant yield potential with high quality grains and possess a complex of important economic traits. It has been determined that yield performance of the studied varieties ranges from of 4.78 t/ha in variety Pamyati Fedina to 6.02 t/ha in variety Nemchinovskaya 57. Varieties Nemchinovskaya 17 and Nemchinovskaya 57 have been found to produce a significantly higher yield than standard variety Moskovskaya 39, that is, by 1.03 and 1.16 t/ha or 21.2 and 23.9%, respectively. Protein content varies within the range from 15.2 in variety Pamyati Fedina to 19.1% in variety Moskovskaya 40. This indicator is 17.5% in the standard variety. Moskovskaya 40 is also significantly distinguished by gluten content of 35.9%. In addition, the above-noted varieties reveal a significant winter survival and resistance to leaf and rot diseases. Thus, it can be concluded that Nemchinovskaya 57, Nemchinovskaya 17, and Moskovskaya 40 are the most remarkable among the varieties in the context of important economic traits, that is, yield performance, protein and gluten content, components of yield structure, and resistance to diseases.