Problems Related to the Interaction of Geospheres and Physical Fields in Near-Surface Geophysics

Abstract

The key prospective research directions and tasks within the new, currently actively developing scientific direction “Near-surface geophysics” are formulated and discussed. A combined approach is suggested for studying the interactions between the geospheres at the Earth’s crust–atmosphere boundary—the region of the most intense mass- and energy exchange between the internal and external geospheres—and for exploring the interactions and transformations of the geophysical fields in the near-surface zone of the Earth, including its biosphere. A number of new results yielded by studying the processes of the interaction between the geospheres and physical fields of the Earth are presented. The importance of establishing the geophysical conditions of the human environment and the characteristics of manmade activity is highlighted.