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Том 29, № 5 (2018)

Macroeconomic Problems

The Green Factor of Economic Growth in Russia and the World

Porfiryev B.

Аннотация

The article discusses the role of environmental and climate factors in the modernization of the global and Russian economies in the context of the challenges presented by the new industrial revolution. It is emphasized that a restraining effect of these factors on economic growth is primarily caused by qualitative characteristics of technologies used for resource utilization and the adaptation of population and facilities to global climate changes. The article considers a growing urgency of eco-innovations, as well as “green” technologies overall, as a factor affecting the economic growth and modernization of the economy; the unevenness of the development of these technologies in the countries of the world; and strategic risks of Russia’s lagging behind the leading world economies in this area. A special emphasis is placed upon (i) a substantiation of the significance of the mineral, raw material and fuel and energy complexes, as well as the forest-industryl and agro-industrial complex, as priority sectors for the development eco-innovations and green technologies in Russia and (ii) arguing that in Russian conditions a long-term development policy is in essence a strategy for green economic growth.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):455-461
pages 455-461 views

On the Structure, Dynamics, and Use of the Asset Share in the National Wealth

Fal’tsman V.

Аннотация

In this article, the share of assets in the national wealth is taken as the object of analysis and forecast. The dynamics, structure and use of the basic elements of Russia’s productive assets—natural capital (energy inputs), human capital, and active fixed assets—are analyzed. It is shown that the natural capital will inevitably be replaced by human capital in combination with the asset share in fixed capital, and that the economy in the coming transition period (2018–2030) will necessarily transform to an innovative growth model.

The annual balances of changes in the components of the assets in the national wealth for 2012–2016 are developed. The impact of the crisis is estimated. Some promising directions for using the accumulated human capital together with the asset share in fixed capital for a transition from a resource-based to an innovation model of Russia’s development are considered and substantiated.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):462-469
pages 462-469 views

Regional Problems

Long-Term Forecasts of Regional Development: Analysis of Results and the Problem of Development

Mikheeva N.

Аннотация

The article presents the results of an analysis of regional development forecasts assumed by the government authorities and developed by scientific organizations. It is shown that the hypotheses included in the forecast scenarios, as to the prospective dynamics and changes in regional production structure, have not been implemented. The problems of the long-term forecasting of regional development, their possibilities, and directions of improvement, and the methods used when preparing the forecasts have been studied.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):470-480
pages 470-480 views

The Russian North: Economic and Geographic Aspects of Development

Lazhentsev V.

Аннотация

From the standpoint of socioeconomic geography, investigations into the challenges of the Russian North involve matching the structural and functional characteristics of its territorial economic systems formed in severe and extreme climatic conditions to their functionality. The territorial economic systems are presented as organizational forms of productive forces to address the main national economic problems whose solution is primarily associated with the modernization of production, social and infrastructure facilities established in the North.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):481-489
pages 481-489 views

Application of Standardization Methods for Environmental Improvement as an Element of Quality of Life Through the Development of a Company’s Business Potential

Okrepilov V., Chudinovskikh I.

Аннотация

Various aspects of sustainable development and quality of life are considered, including the impact of standardization. Particular attention is paid to the study of the role played by standardization in improving environmental protection. In this connection the significance of standardization is shown as a factor of improving the technological potential of an enterprise and the quality of life. Various approaches to methods for assessing the effective impact of standardization on the quality of life are analyzed.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):490-496
pages 490-496 views

Financial Problems

The EMU’s Twisted Foundations: How to Use and Misuse Economic Theory

Sapir J.

Аннотация

The creation of common European currency is the most ambitious institutional project of the European Union for decades. The idea of launching this kind of currency has merits. However, the implementation of this idea has already led to very negative consequences, as political considerations had priority over economic ones. The article shows how theoretical approaches to common currencies have been evolving since 1960s and why misuse of economic theory provokes inevitable collapse of the European monetary union.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):497-506
pages 497-506 views

Scenario Prediction of Dynamics of Interest Rates and Internal Credit Volume in Russia for 2018−2022

Moiseev A., Cherkovets M.

Аннотация

This article proposes a model of internal credit driven by variations in interest rates of loans for end borrowers. The variations in internal credit after the interest rate crises that have taken place around the world in recent years are analyzed by international panel comparison, and the median elasticity is evaluated. A prediction of internal credit variations in Russia in the near future is given in light of various scenarios of interest rate fluctuations.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):507-513
pages 507-513 views

Industries and Interindustry Complexes

Strategic Development Outlook for the Energy Complex of Russia

Makarov A., Mitrova T.

Аннотация

The article discusses the long-term development of the energy complex and its role in the Russian economy in the context of the restructuring of world energy markets and considering the draft Energy Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period through to 2035. Using the SCANER modelling and information complex, representative scenarios for the evolution of world energy markets have been developed, as well as relevant scenarios for the development of Russia’s economy and energy, including the dynamics of domestic consumption of major fuels and energy in view of energy conservation, as well as effective volumes and directions of basic fuel exports. Based on this, the dynamics of extraction and processing of basic fuels, the use of renewable energy resources, and electricity production by various types of power plants are optimized, and the necessary capital investments and returns on the dynamics of domestic prices for fuel and energy are determined. Changes in the main macroeconomic indicators of the contribution of the energy complex to the development of the Russian economy, corresponding to these scenarios, indicate a possible relatively rapid decrease in its dependence on energy exports.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):514-526
pages 514-526 views

Analytical Methods for Forecasting Development in the Electric Power Industry

Kononov Y., Kononov D.

Аннотация

The article considers a methodical approach to analysis and tools for narrowing the scope of forecasting, formed from a variety of environmental scenarios, requirements for the development of the power industry, and rational ways to satisfy them. It is based on an assessment of the probability of implementing anticipated projects and their riskiness for potential investors. By an example of the power plant capacity projections, the effect of acceptable risk on the limits of forecasting is shown.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):527-532
pages 527-532 views

Interrelations of Production and Investment Activities in the Construction Materials Industries

Budanov I., Ustinov V.

Аннотация

This paper presents one of the possible versions of the scenario for industrial development of the Russian economy. An analysis of the interrelation of production and investment in metallurgy in 1990–2017 was carried out. The need to consider the experience of investment development in individual industries and manufactures in the design of options for the economic development of the country and the implementation of a selective state policy is substantiated.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):533-543
pages 533-543 views

Export Potential of Russian Food Industry

Goncharov V., Rau V.

Аннотация

The article discusses Russian exports of food and agricultural crops. The main reasons for the decrease in export earnings are identified.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):544-550
pages 544-550 views

Methodological Problems of the Formation of the Concept of Food Security in Russia

Ksenofontov M., Polzikov D., Gol’denberg I., Sitnikov P.

Аннотация

In the article, the existing approaches to the definition of food security are considered, and their structure analyzed. The logic of the evolution of the concept of food security in the socio-economic development of the country is described, the actual directions of its adjustment in the Russian Federation are justified.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):551-557
pages 551-557 views

Science and Technology

Technological Innovations: Development, Application and Results

Komkov N., Kulakin G.

Аннотация

This paper presents the results of the analysis of scientific and technological development in Russia in the period between 1997 and 2017, based on the example of creation and application of technological innovations. The empirical study is methodologically based on “The main provisions for the concept of innovative industrialization in Russia” [1, 2]. The best performing groups of organizations are identified in the following innovation segments: development of advanced production technologies; application of advanced production technologies; production of novel innovative products for specific markets. The performance is assessed based on the number of created and applied production technologies, the volume of manufactured innovative products and a comparative analysis of labor productivity performed for technologically innovative organizations and organizations that are not engaged in technological innovation.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):558-572
pages 558-572 views

Innovation Activity of Russian Industrial Enterprises during Economic Crisis

Grasmik K.

Аннотация

The article deals with the problem of the impact of the economic crisis on the innovative behavior of Russian companies. It is shown that the current crisis did not have significant impact on the model of innovative behavior of companies. Some decrease in innovation activity is more likely due to medium-term trends in the development of innovative processes and unfavorable macroeconomic dynamics.

Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2018;29(5):573-580
pages 573-580 views

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