Maintaining long-term outcomes after rehabilitation in stroke patients: literature review

The relevance of the stroke problem is determined by a significant increase in global morbidity and mortality, especially in developing regions of the world. Despite significant medical advances in recent decades, the burden of stroke continues to increase, posing a serious threat to the health of the planet’s population. Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability, having a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and the economy of countries. Over the past decades, a twofold increase in the number of cases of the disease has been noted, with the greatest number of fatalities and sufferers occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Separately, an alarming trend of increasing stroke rates among young population groups is emphasized, which indicates the need to expand preventive measures and improve the quality of specialized care. Russia also faces a high burden due to stroke: the annual number of new cases is increasing, and the mortality rate remains one of the highest among all diseases. The study confirms a significant difference in the incidence of strokes between men and women, reveals a high risk of early strokes in men and emphasizes the importance of taking into account the specifics of various population subgroups when developing a prevention and treatment strategy. International data confirm the trend of increasing strokes even in developed countries such as the United States and China, where there has been a significant increase in the number of fatalities and new cases. This circumstance requires the development of innovative approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of strokes, as well as intensified efforts to reduce lifestyle and environmental risks. Thus, the problem of combating stroke is of particular importance, since it affects almost all aspects of public health and has a significant impact on the development of national health systems.