RNA therapy in Russia: from Soviet developments to modern drugs
- Authors: Potupchik T.V.1, Evert L.S.2, Alikun Y.S.3, Generalov S.V.4, Uvarova D.D.5, Belousova E.D.6, Shavalova D.S.7, Osmanova S.A.7
-
Affiliations:
- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- Khakass State University named after N.F. Katanov of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Medical Institute
- "NATURE EVOLUTION SPA" LLC
- Russian Anti-Plague Research Institute "Microbe" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- Dagestan State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 28, No 11 (2025)
- Pages: 10-21
- Section: Pharmaceutical chemistry
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1560-9596/article/view/351542
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2025-11-02
- ID: 351542
Cite item
Open Access
Access granted
Subscription Access
Abstract
Introduction. RNA therapy development is one of the most dynamic areas of modern biomedicine. Fundamental principles of ribonucleic acid usage in medicine were established in the USSR, serving as a basis for modern domestic developments.
Objective: to analyze the evolution of RNA therapy in the USSR and Russia from early fundamental research to modern drugs, evaluate the contribution of domestic scientists and development prospects of this field.
Material and methods. An analytical review of scientific publications, patents, and dissertations of Soviet and Russian scientists in the field of RNA medical applications for the period 1950-2025 was conducted. Data on registered RNA-based drugs including Poludan, Ridostin, Amphievovir were analyzed. Foreign sources on mechanisms of RNA drug action through TLR3/7/8 receptors and interferon induction were studied.
Results. It was established that the Soviet school (R.I. Salganik, S.N. Zagrebelny, Yu.S. Alikin) made a significant contribution to developing the concept of enzymatic antiviral therapy and immunomodulators based on polyribonucleotides. Drugs Poludan, Ridostin, sodium nucleinate were created and introduced into practice. Modern developments (Amphievovir) demonstrate antiviral activity in vitro but require full-scale clinical trials.
Conclusion. Russia possesses rich historical heritage and scientific potential in RNA therapy. For widespread implementation of domestic developments, randomized controlled trials, improvement of regulatory framework and integration into international scientific space are necessary.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
T. V. Potupchik
Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Author for correspondence.
Email: potupchik_tatyana@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1133-4447
SPIN-code: 8353-3513
Ph.D. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology with a Postgraduate Course
Russian Federation, 1 Partizana Zheleznyaka str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022L. S. Evert
Khakass State University named after N.F. Katanov of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Medical Institute
Email: lidiya_evert@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0665-7428
SPIN-code: 4099-8973
Dr.Sc. (Med.), Professor of the Department of General Professional Disciplines, Medical Institute
Russian Federation, 90 Lenin Avenue, Abakan, 655017Yu. S. Alikun
"NATURE EVOLUTION SPA" LLC
Email: lidiya_evert@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-8273-6348
Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Expert
Russian Federation, 20/1, premises 1.2, Voskhod st., Novosibirsk, 630102S. V. Generalov
Russian Anti-Plague Research Institute "Microbe" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
Email: svgeneraloff@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1461-5383
SPIN-code: 4130-2475
Ph.D. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist
Russian Federation, 46 Universitetskaya St., Saratov, 410005D. D. Uvarova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: 8960dashayvar@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-8807-0612
Student
Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow, 117513E. D. Belousova
Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: yelizaveta.belousova.0202@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-9306-2001
Student
Russian Federation, 4 Dolgorukovskaya Street, Moscow, 127006D. S. Shavalova
Dagestan State Medical University
Email: emily.grand@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-3364-8141
Student
Russian Federation, 1 V.I. Lenin Square, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367012S. A. Osmanova
Dagestan State Medical University
Email: saida.osmanova.06@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-1372-3229
Student
Russian Federation, 1 V.I. Lenin Square, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367012References
- Damase T.R., Sukhovershin R., Boada C. et al. The limitless future of RNA therapeutics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021; 9: 628137. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.628137.
- Kulkarni J.A., Witzigmann D., Thomson S.B. et al. The current landscape of nucleic acid therapeutics. Nat Nanotechnol. 2021; 16(6): 630–643. doi: 10.1038/s41565-021-00898-0.
- Tenchov R., Bird R., Curtze A.E., Zhou Q. Lipid nanoparticles from liposomes to mRNA vaccine delivery, a landscape of research diversity and advancement. ACS Nano. 2021; 15(11): 16982–17015. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04996.
- Roberts T.C., Langer R., Wood M.J.A. Advances in oligonucleotide drug delivery. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2020; 19 (10): 673-694. doi: 10.1038/s41573-020-0075-7
- Akinc A., Maier M.A., Manoharan M.. et al. The Onpattro story and the clinical translation of nanomedicines containing nucleic acid-based drugs. Nat Nanotechnol. 2019; 14(12): 1084–1087. doi: 10.1038/s41565-019-0591-y.
- Pardi N., Hogan M.J., Porter F.W., Weissman D. mRNA vaccines – a new era in vaccinology. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2018; 17(4): 261–279. doi: 10.1038/nrd.2017.243.
- Аминулла К.Г., Киселева Я.Ю., Шишкин А.М. и др. Современные методы лечения на основе РНК-терапии. Вестник Российского научного центра рентгенорадиологии. 2024; 2024(4): 1–13.
Supplementary files
