Vol 21, No 7 (2014)
- Year: 2014
- Articles: 9
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/1728-0869/issue/view/1030
Articles
Kachestvo zhizni studentov Tverskogo meditsinskogo kolledzha
Abstract
Определены значения субъективных оценок показателей качества жизни 149 студентов (118 девушек и 31 юноша) Тверского медицинского колледжа. Качество жизни оценивали с помощью русскоязычной версии международного стандартизированного опросника SF-36. Выявлены наиболее высокие средние значения субъективной оценки показателя физического функционирования - (91,2 ± 1,7) балла у юношей и (86,2 ± 1,7) у девушек и наиболее низкие значения показателя жизненной активности - (64,8 ± 3,80) и (56,2 ± 1,8) балла у юношей и девушек соответственно. Качество жизни у юношей было значимо выше, чем у девушек, по следующим шкалам: жизненная активность (p = 0,015), ролевое функционирование, обусловленное эмоциональным состоянием (p = 0,005) и психическое (ментальное) здоровье (p = 0,007). Анализ корреляций показал, что у девушек социальное функционирование статистически значимо регламентируется всеми показателями физического и психического компонентов здоровья качества жизни.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):3-9
3-9
PARENT COMMUNITY AS SUBJECT OF FORMATION OF PRESCHOOLERS' HEALTH SAVING PRACTICES
Abstract
This paper has presented a sociological research conducted in Yekaterinburg in 2012. Objects of that research were parents and their preschool children. The results have shown that there were some problems with formation of children’s health saving practices: disturbances in daily routine, balanced nutrition and domination of passive leisure. Children's community reproduces only sanitary standards. The solution is to develop a single health saving space, which includes children, parents and preschool educational institutions, and to form a new system of interaction between them.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):10-14
10-14
MENTAL ECOLOGY OF TERRORISTIC CIVIL WARS
Abstract
In the article, there has been proved attribution of terrorism to polymodal dependent disorder. There has been singled out a new syndrome of crowding-terrorism (Engl. crowd) as a mass variant of sadistic aggression and vandalism. In development of pandemias of terrorism, there has been explained isolation of three donosological fractals: predisposition - mobbingogenic family; latent - bullyingogenic dispositions; initial - mass crowding; and three nosological ones: onset - social epidemy of terrorism; chronization - destructive social epidemy of terrorism; outcome - pandemia of terrorism and terminal complications.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):15-23
15-23
ADAPTIVE TYPES OF MOBILIZATION OF ORGANISM ADAPTIVE RESERVES AND RESISTANCE TO HYPERTENSION IN THE NORTH
Abstract
It has been found that ecdemic population of the North with the adaptive type of efficient mobilization of organism adaptive reserves under conditions of the chronic northern stress (hyporeactive persons or ‘stayers’), showing higher resistance to emotional stress, to desynchronosis under unusual photoperiodism, high functional abilities of the liver, exhibited lower risks of development and progression of hypertension and associated pathologies while living in the North. Hyperreactive persons (‘sprinters’) proved to be less resistant to the northern stress and, respectively, to formation of hypertension; they had a higher level of psychoemotional stress, a high degree of dysadaptation manifestations, a reliable decrease in the adaptive-rehabilitation potential, reduced mental capacity, and increased desynchronosis and the hepatocellular dysfunction degree.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):24-29
24-29
THE COMPENSATORY ROLE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM UNDER ACUTE HYPOXIC HYPOXIA IN HUMAN
Abstract
Interinstitute Laboratory of Comparative Ecological Physiological Research, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Research Centre “Arktika", Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, St-Petersburg, Russia The compensatory role of the cardiovascular system during hypoxic hypoxia has been considered in the paper. It has been shown that cardiac output during acute hypoxic hypoxia (FiO 2 = 0.14 - 0.08) increased relatively little - not more than 20 % compared to the background level. Tissue oxygen delivery (DO 2) decreased under the background level already at small degrees of hypoxia. This DO 2 deficit increased as hypoxia intensified. On the basis of the analysis of mechanisms of oxygen delivery to tissues - delivery in capillaries, division of oxygen flows between tissues and the venous bed, formation of intracapillary and tissue oxygen tension, we have made a conclusion that the compensatory role of the cardiovascular system during hypoxia was not in support of DO 2, but in limitation of capillary hypoxemia and tissue hypoxia. This mechanism during hypoxic hypoxia did not restore capillary oxygen tension, and for this reason it was only supplementary to the tissue mechanism, which compensated hypoxia. It has been suggested that the term “tissue oxygen delivery speed (DO 2)” should be substituted by a more accurate one - “capillary oxygen delivery speed”.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):30-36
30-36
BRAIN BIOELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN NORTHERN CHILDREN AGED 9-10 YEARS BY DIFFERENT DAY LENGTH
Abstract
In the article, there have been given results of a study of the brain bioelectrical activity in primary school children in periods of increasing, maximum, decreasing and minimum day length. Amplitude and frequency dynamics of basic EEG rhythms has been described, and their interrelation with periods of natural illumination has been determined. It has been detected that adaptive tuning of the brain bioelectrical activity occurred in contrasting seasons. During the period of increasing day length, increasing activity of all EEG rhythms was observed, while in the period of decreasing day length, delta- and theta- activity in all regions of the brain dominated. It has been proved that the detected dynamics of amplitude and spectral-frequency EEG parameters in the northern schoolchildren aged 9-10 years was not caused by age-related changes. Periods of maximum and minimum day length can be considered more favorable for the brain functioning and development of higher mental functions of children.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):37-43
37-43
VACCINATION AGAINST STR. PNEUMONIA AND INCIDENCE OF DISEASES IN CHILDREN LIVING UNDER COMBINED EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD AND IODINE DEFICIENCY
Abstract
The monthly incidence of acute bronchitis, acute pneumonia and acute otitis media in orphanages’ children (192 children from 0 to 5 years old living under conditions of combined effects of anthropogenic stress and iodine deficiency) has been compared before and after immunization with pneumococcal vaccine to unvaccinated children, and according to 10-year statistical reports - to urban children of the same age groups constantly living in families. During 18 months of observation in two orphanages in babies groups (0-2 y. o.) immunized with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, reduced incidence of acute respiratory diseases, acute bronchitis, decreased incidence of acute pneumonia and otitis media was noted. We have concluded that immunization against pneumococcus promoted the babies and children’s resistance.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):44-49
44-49
ECOLOGO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CARBOHYDRATE-LIPID METABOLISM AND THYROID STATUS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN LIVING IN NORTHERN REGION
Abstract
High body mass and obesity are of interest as a medical and social problem of the XXI century. Already at school age, many children have high body mass and obesity, one can state metabolic abnormalities in the serum lipids, carbohydrates, thyroid status. In the study, there have been examined 112 schoolchildren-nonresidents living in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug: 44 - with high body mass and obesity, 68 - with normal body mass. In the group of the persons with high body mass and obesity, there have been determined reliably higher indices of general cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides (TG), glucose, glycohemoglobin and thyreotrophin and reliably lower indices of high-density lipoproteins and T3. There has been observed a positive correlation between glucose concentration and content of glycohemoglobin in blood (r = 0.983, p = 0.000), general cholesterol (r = 0.455, p = 0.002), triglycerides (r = 0.389, p = 0.034), free thyroxin (r = 0.314, p = 0.038). The level of glycohemoglobin correlated with the content of general cholesterol (r = 0.477, p = 0.001), triglycerides (r = 0.381, p = 0.038). The schoolchildren with high body mass and obesity had higher indices of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism and the thyroid status compared to the control group, what could cause a cascade of metabolic pathological states in young adult life period in the future.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):50-57
50-57
SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF SURGICAL SPECIALTY CHOOSING FACTORS BY STUDENTS OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
This article has presented the results of the research aimed at studying the factors influencing a student’s choices of a job as a doctor, a medical institution and a doctor’s specialty during studies at the institution. The article has given a wide range of objective and subjective external and internal factors of a professional choice. It has been established that at the modern stage, subjective external factors, such as pedagogical competence of teaching staff of clinical departments in the sphere of pedagogical technologies studying conditions at clinical departments and teachers’ attitude to the problem of a professional choice dominated in the students’ choice of a “doctor” profession.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2014;21(7):58-64
58-64