TRANSFORMATION OF MUSEUM AND SCHOOL COOPERATION IN EDUCATIVE WORK IN 20-40-S OF XX CENTURY IN TAMBOV PROVINCE

The change of interaction of provincial museum and school as a result of ideological influence of state policy on cultural and educational activity of museums in 20-40-s of XX century is considered. Museums in the pre-period of October Revolution in 1917 were considered as the stores of national culture, basic points of science, which must be preserved and be available for mass with educational aims. The museums and schools always influenced each other. Museum played the role of original educational institutes, integrated in the system of educational institutes. The content of museum work, on the one hand, corresponded to the collections of local museums, on the other hand, it corresponded to the governmental events aimed at cultural development and population’s education. The basic aim of museum in the sphere of education was to acquaint wide mass with the past and present of home region. Besides, the artistic collections familiarized people with art. Scientific-cognitive lectures increased educational level of the population. Local regional societies in the contact with local museums played a very important role in the increase of standard of culture of population. They were the form of democratic amateur performances of population, told about traditions, national background, consolidated the society. The significant impact of students of local lore on the development of subsidiary historical disciplines, development of methods of attributing and description of museum items. Basic forms of educational work with the population in museums of Tambov region in 20-30-s of XX century were the excursions, delivered the lectures, were organized exhibitions. But in the middle of 1920-s the activity the propaganda, ideological education of mass was growing. The direction of this work was defined by communist party, that lead to the establishment of political-educational work as a basic type of Soviet museums’ activity in 1920-1930-s. Museums became the part of general state and party system. The museums’ activity was unified in the country. The main function of museums at this stage was cultural and educational work among the population. The activity of museum was dependant on the aims of schools, where the one-way orientation on formation of class approach to knowledge dominated.

political-educational institute, the work of the museum with audience, ideological education of mass