Investigating the effects of nanoparticles mean diameter on laminar mixed convection of a nanofluid through an inclined tube with circumferentially nonuniform heat flux


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Abstract

In this study, laminar mixed convection of a water-based nanofluid containing Al2O3 nanoparticles in an inclined copper tube, which is heated at the top half surface, is investigated numerically. A heat conduction mechanism through the tube wall was implemented. Three-dimensional equations using a two-phase mixture model were solved to investigate the hydrodynamic and thermal behaviors of the nanofluid over a wide range of nanoparticle volume fractions. To verify the model, the results were compared with previous works and a good agreement between the results was observed. The effect of nanoparticles diameter on the hydrodynamic and thermal parameters over a wide range of Grashof numbers is presented and discussed for a particle volume fraction and Reynolds number. It is shown that the diameter of nanoparticles affects the particle distribution in the cross section perpendicular to the tube axis, heat transfer coefficient, and shear stress.

About the authors

Sh. Allahyari

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bandar Lengeh Branch

Author for correspondence.
Email: sh.allahyary@gmail.com
Iran, Islamic Republic of, Amol

A. Ghaderi

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ayatollah Amoli Branch

Email: sh.allahyary@gmail.com
Iran, Islamic Republic of, Amol

A. Behzadmehr

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Email: sh.allahyary@gmail.com
Iran, Islamic Republic of, Zahedan

K. Fallah

Department ofMechanical Engineering, Sari Branch

Email: sh.allahyary@gmail.com
Iran, Islamic Republic of, Sari

M. H. Nasimi

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Email: sh.allahyary@gmail.com
Iran, Islamic Republic of, Bandar Lengeh

M. Hassani

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Email: sh.allahyary@gmail.com
Iran, Islamic Republic of, Sari

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