The role of pedogy in the development of psychological and pedagogical science and practice

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Abstract

The research reveals the role of pedology in the development of domestic and foreign psychological and pedagogical science and practice. Three key stages in the development of pedology as a science are defined: 1) the stage of origin (late 19th – first decade of the 20th century), characterized by scientific and organizational work; 2) heyday (1910s and early 1930s), when empirical data were accumulated and methodological foundations of pedology were constructed; 3) crisis and collapse (mid-late 1930s), manifested in a methodological crisis. A substantive description of each stage is given. It is established that the popularity of pedology was due to the unfulfilled hopes of educational practice for changes that were to occur there in connection with the introduction of knowledge of a fairly young psychological and pedagogical science. It was revealed that direct application of data obtained in experiments on general psychology to solving educational problems allowed to see in a schoolchild the manifestation of only individual mental functions, and in their static state and outside the environment. The main reasons for the "extinction" of the young science within the framework of psychological and pedagogical knowledge are presented.

About the authors

Artur M. Allagulov

Orenburg State Pedagogical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: art_hist@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5490-6818

Doc. Ped. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Pedagogy and Management

Russian Federation, 2, Sovetskaya St., Orenburg, 460014

Svetlana A. Aleshina

Orenburg State Pedagogical University

Email: aleshina_s_a@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3335-9434

Cand. Ped. Sci., Associate Professor, Rector

Russian Federation, 2, Sovetskaya St., Orenburg, 460014

Ol’ga V. Kuz’menkova

Orenburg State Pedagogical University

Email: kuzmenkova_vipp@mail.ru

Cand. Psych. Sci., Associate Professor, Director of the Pedagogy and Psychology Institute

Russian Federation, 2, Sovetskaya St., Orenburg, 460014

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