Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Overexertion Syndrome in Rescuers of the Russian EMERCOM

Summary. The aim of the study is to evaluate modern scientific views on the problem of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of syndromes associated with physical and emotional overstrain in rescue workers of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations.

Study materials and methods. An analysis of domestic and foreign literature data was performed. The search was performed using the Google Academy search engine and electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, eLIBRARY for the period from 2017 to 2022.

Results of the study and their analysis. Currently, early diagnosis of overexertion syndrome (overtraining) is quite complicated. It is caused by the absence of clear diagnostic criteria, gradual development of the pathology and nonspecificity of its symptoms. That is why a complex approach is important for timely and high-quality diagnosis of overexertion, which includes a set of diagnostic measures, such as collecting anamnesis and visual examination, completing psychological questionnaires, examination of hormone levels at rest and after exercise tests, examination of blood biochemical characteristics (determination of total protein concentration, lipoproteins, glucose, cholesterol, etc.) and instrumental examination. The main ways to fight against overtraining syndrome are emotional rest, gentle training regime, adequate replenishment of energy and plastic substrates, and a sufficient amount of sleep. Usage of manual therapy, therapeutic physical training and physiotherapy is also possible.