Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/TiO2 Coatings on the β-Type Titanium Alloys with Different Sintering Parameters using Sol-Gel Method

Abstract

In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) based composite films were successfully syntheses on the β-type Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr (TNTZ). The solutionized TNTZ substrates coated with HA and HA/Titania (TiO₂) bioactive composite coatings by sol-gel method under various sintering parameters related to sintering temperatures and heating ramp rates. Microstructural observations of the coatings revealed that apatite was formed on the substrates. The hardness values of the coatings increase with increasing both the sintering temperature and the TiO₂ concentration in the coatings layer. However, it was found that the heating ramp rate of the sintering was not affecting the hardness values so much. Also, the hardness values of the HA/TiO₂ composite coatings at all sintering temperatures were higher than only HA coated TNTZ samples due to the existence TiO₂ phases in the HA matrix. Results indicating that the doping of HA with TiO₂, improve the physical consistency between the coating layer and the substrates and provide a better inter-particle bonding due to the existence TiO₂ phases in the HA.