Expansion of alien carnivore and ungulate species in SW Poland

Abstract

Changes in distribution of six mammal species, viz. Procyon lotor, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Neovison vison, Cervus nippon, Dama dama, Ovis aries musimon in SW Poland (42000 km²), since their introduction till 2008, have been analyzed. A rough estimate of their numbers is also provided for seven regions in SW Poland (Silesia). Detailed maps of distribution of the American mink and fallow deer in SW Poland during 2004–2008 are also presented. The alien ungulates, as long-established species in SW Poland, are not considered as particularly destructive to indigenous flora and fauna. They are not invasive, and have never been regarded as such. On the other hand, the alien carnivores are regarded in SW Poland as destructive to the indigenous fauna. Counter-measures for the rapidly increasing carnivores are proposed.