Вестник угроведения

Introduction: Mordovian dramaturgy is in constant search of new genre forms for the artistic representation of ethnic history. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to comprehend the genre processes taking place in modern Mordovian dramaturgy. The object of the research is the author’s interpretation of the character of a historical figure in A. Pudin’s plays. Objective: to identify the artistic features of characters’ constructing who were genuine historical figures in plays of the Mordovian playwright. Research materials: plays by A. Pudin. Results and novelty of the research: the scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time a comprehensive study of A. Pudin’s plays is carried out, in which the character of a famous historical figure is revealed by means of dramaturgy. The authors come to the conclusion that the artistic interpretation of ethnic history and outstanding personality in the dramaturgy of A. Pudin is carried out through the synthesis of historical authenticity and author’s construction of character. The playwright tries to show a hero in close connection with the historical circumstances in which he acts. There is a desire to penetrate into the inner world of a hero without violating the historical truth. The playwright’s appeal to the turning points of ethnic history and the fate of a personality, which has become a vivid cultural phenomenon, testifies to the author’s desire to expand the artistic and aesthetic boundaries of national literature.

Introduction: the article is devoted to the consideration of complex sentences with attributive subordinate clauses based on the material of the Erzya language – one of the Finno-Ugric languages. 
Objective: to identify the basic patterns of the substantive and formal organization of complex sentences expressing attributive relations. 
Research materials: complex sentences with attributive subordinate clauses extracted from works of fiction of Mordovian authors in the Erzya language. 
Results and novelty of the research: the scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time in Mordvin linguistics a systematic, multi-aspect description of complex sentences with attributive clauses is presented. As a result of the research, it was revealed that they include syntactic units of undifferentiated structure with a verbal connection and closely joined predicative parts, the means of connection of which are conjunctions, connective words and correlates, often forming correlative pairs. The analysis of theoretical and illustrative material allowed to conclude that complex sentences with attributive clauses are divided into two types depending on the nature of the defined word: a) substantive-attributive and b) pronominal-attributive. It is noted that substantive-attributive clauses have two varieties – emphatic-attributive and connective-attributive. The emphatic-attributive clauses are characterized by the main clause not expressing a complete thought and requiring extension in the form of an attribute, while connective-attributive clauses have the main clause containing a complete thought and the subordinate clause providing additional information. Pronominal-attributive clauses specify the semantics of the pronoun in the main clause and together with it occupy one syntactic position, replacing the name of an object, person or attribute.

Introduction: the article presents written history of the lexemes gery ‘plow’ and usy ‘harrow’ in the Udmurt language, first recorded in the first grammar of 1775 under the title “Compilations belonging to the grammar of the Votyak language”. All changes of the meaning and graphic design of words can be traced from the most important written monuments of the Udmurt language in the context of their origin. 
Objective: to identify the history of the words gery and usy in written monuments of the Udmurt language (18th–21st centuries). 
Research materials: early written monuments of the Udmurt language, linguistic dictionaries, lexicographic sources of the 19th–21st centuries. 
Results and novelty of the research: the author for the first time gives the history of the written recording of the words gery ‘plow’ and usy ‘harrow’ (from the 18th century to the present) in the Udmurt language. The analysis revealed that they belong to the common Permian vocabulary in origin and were recorded already in 1775 in the first grammar of the Udmurt language. Observation of the almost 250-year history of fixation of these lexemes in written monuments showed that initially (from the 18th century to the 1930s) the word gery meant both a wooden plow and an iron plow, and usy has not changed its meaning since the first writing.

Introduction: the indissoluble connection with folk art is an integral feature of the artistic experiences of the Mordovian writer I. Devin. The success that befell the novel “Trava-Murava” is largely determined by the author’s appeal to folklore material, which has found wide and comprehensive application in the work. Folklore entered the author’s novel with the totality of its features – the nationality of the content, individual genres and a number of artistic means and techniques. The connection with folk art is manifested at different levels of the artistic whole – plot and compositional structuring, organization of the figurative system, recreation of national color, author’s worldview. This article analyzes the features of the author’s interpretation and reconstruction of the elements of Mordovian folklore, their significance and productive role in the formation of the artistic structure of the novel, the disclosure of the ideological and thematic range, the organization of the figurative series, the enrichment of expressive and stylistic possibilities. The relevance of the research is due to the need for scientific understanding of the issues of functionality, forms and degree of correlation of folklore material and the author’s text. 
Objective: to identify the functionality of the elements of oral folk art in I. Devin’s novel “Trava-Murava”. 
Research materials: I. Devin’s novel “Trava-Murava”. 
Results and novelty of the research: the novelty of the study is due to the fact that the problem of the functionality of folk elements in I. Devin’s novel “Trava-Murava” still remains the least studied area in the author’s work, while the potential of many genres of folk poetry is involved in this work: songs and ditties, laments, legends and traditions, proverbs and sayings, etc. The authors of the article have established various forms of I. Devin’s appeal to folklore material, identified ways of oral folk art’s influence on the author’s text, noted the specificity of the figurative system, features of the language and style of the work, as well as the author’s attitude to folk origins and folklore traditions of the Mordovian people. Thus, the article is a comprehensive analysis of folklore-literary interrelations at all levels of a work of art, which allows us to summarize that the author creatively borrows and freely interprets folklore material in a literary text.

Introduction: the article presents the results of the study of the vocalism system of the Upper Kama dialect of the Komi-Permyak language: the articulatory characteristics and distribution of vowels are considered; phonetic phenomena such as assimilation, intra-dialect correspondence, alternation, contraction were analyzed; features of accentuation are described. A comparison of the linguistic phenomena of the described idiom with similar phenomena in Komi-Permyak and Komi-Zyryan dialects is carried out.

Objective: to identify and describe the peculiarities of vocalism of the Upper Kama dialect of the Komi-Permyak language.

Research materials: the empirical basis of the research consisted of language materials from the author's dialectological expeditions to the area of residence of the Kirov Permyaks.

Results and novelty of the research: the article for the first time considers the peculiarities of vocalism of the Upper Kama dialect of the Komi-Permyak language. It has been established that the vowel system in this idiom is represented by seven phonemes: и, э, ы, ö, у, о, а, which have the same articulatory-acoustic characteristics as in other Komi dialects. In native words, the vowels и, ы, ö, а can occupy any position: anlaut, inlaut, auslaut; they can be used both in the first and in subsequent syllables of a word; the vowels у, э, о occur predominantly in the first syllable. Assimilative phenomena, which in turn are the source of intra-dialect correspondences of vowels: o // a // u, ы // a, ö // o, ы // u, ö // ы, ö // э, occupy a significant place in the studied idiom. It has been revealed that the accentuation system of the Upper Kama dialect of the Komi-Permyak language is characterized by the placement of stress on the first syllable, as well as features of morphologization and vocalization. The analyzed dialect material complements the available information about the features of the Komi-Permyak dialects and can be used in compiling generalizing studies on the Permian languages, creating dialect dictionaries and atlases, and studying systemic changes as a result of interlanguage contact.

Introduction: the article is devoted to the identification of linguistic units characterizing a positive aesthetic evaluation in the Western dialects of the Khanty language. 
Objective: to identify the features of the lexical representation of the aesthetic evaluation category in the Khanty language based on the material of Western dialects. 
Research materials: the empirical basis of the study was a card file made up of examples of bilingual dictionaries on the Khanty language, folklore collections and samples of spoken language collected from informants. 
Results and novelty of the research: the article provides a comprehensive description of adjectives at the lexical, semantic, and structural levels of the language based on their evaluative function, and defines their role in the implementation of the evaluation category in the Khanty language based on the material of Western dialects. The aesthetic evaluation in the Khanty language is characterized by adjectives: Kazym Khanty, Shuryshkary Khanty, Ural Khanty ӑња ‘beautiful’; Kazym Khanty вантǝсəӈ ‘prominent, handsome’; Shuryshkary Khanty вантəпсайєӈ ‘beautiful’; Kazym Khanty вєншпи ‘beautiful, lovely’; Kazym Khanty вэщəӈ ‘worthy; pleasant, cute’; Shuryshkary Khanty вещəӈ ‘beautiful’; Kazym Khanty хурамǝӈ ‘beautiful, elegant (about the thing)’; Shuryshkary Khanty, Ural Khanty хорамəӈ ‘beautiful’; Kazym Khanty хурасəӈ ‘handsome (about the person), prominent’; Shuryshkary Khanty хорасəӈ ‘handsome, cute, prominent, figurative expressive’; Shuryshkary Khanty, Ural Khanty хорам ‘beautiful’; Kazym, Shuryshkary, Ural Khanty йăм ‘beautiful’; Kazym Khanty эљаӈ ‘variegated, beautiful’. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in the Khanty language adjectives characterizing aesthetic evaluation are considered in a structural and semantic aspect.

Introduction: the article examines a unique case of mass christening of the Nenets people for its time. It is noted that since this case was the subject of a lengthy investigation by the spiritual and secular authorities, its study provides an opportunity to look into the inner world of the persons involved in this case, as well as to evaluate the evolution of the methods of converting pagans to Christianity by missionaries of the Tobolsk North. Objective: based on a specific example, to identify the features of state and church policy regarding the Christianization of the indigenous population of the Tobolsk North. Research materials: documents of church and secular institutions, concentrated in the State Archives in the city of Tobolsk and the Russian State Historical Archives. Results and novelty of the research: the investigation into the mass christening of the Nenets, which lasted for about two years, became a clear lesson for the missionaries, which limited their ability to do similar things in the future. The described case demonstrates the relative autonomy of the Tobolsk spiritual consistory from the decisions of the diocesan bishop, which has not been previously reported in Russian historiography. The novelty of the study also lies in the emphasis on the fundamental changes in approaches to the Christianization of the pagans of the Tobolsk North. The methods used in the early 18th century by Saint Philotheus (Leshchinsky) are now condemned and considered completely unacceptable, which was a consequence of the liberalization of state and church policies towards the indigenous population of the region. Only persuasion and long-term painstaking work on education could attract new children to the bosom of Orthodoxy. This approach contributed in part to the conservation of individual elements of paganism among the previously converted Ostyaks and Samoyeds.

Introduction: the article deals with the current state of the Karelian language and the prospects of its preservation in the territory of the Republic of Karelia. The research is conducted in two ways: from the objective side, the history of language development and current trends in language policy are analyzed; from the subjective side, the linguistic sets of native speakers of the Karelian language and residents of the Republic of Karelia are studied. An important part of the work is the study of the functioning of the Karelian language in status, corpus and educational planning. 
Objective: to identify the factors and clarify the language sets that affect the preservation of the Karelian language. 
Research materials: results of the scientific expedition of the Research Center on Ethnic and Language Relations of the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted in September 2022. 
Results and novelty of the research: the scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time a comparison of the linguistic sets of those who speak Karelian and those who do not speak it, but live in this language environment, is carried out. The prospects for the preservation of the Karelian language are considered by analyzing the current state of three elements of language planning: status, corpus and educational. The factors contributing to the expansion of the spheres of functioning of the Karelian language were studied from the point of view of Karelian speakers and from the point of view of residents of the Republic who do not speak Karelian. The results of the study were the identification of positive and negative factors affecting the prospects for the preservation of the Karelian language and the clarification of the linguistic sets of Karelian speakers.

Introduction: an urgent problem of medicine in the North is the preservation of health of the indigenous peoples. The study confirmed the presence of the influence of weather and heliogeophysical factors on the morphofunctional features of the body of the indigenous population. It allowed us to conclude the advisability of carrying out medical, technological and psychological support of violations of time organization of functions among the inhabitants of the North, starting from pregnancy and childbirth, physical development of a child to the prevention of the formation of pathology in adults.

Objective: to determine the influence of variations of weather and heliogeophysical factors on the health and demography of indigenous peoples of Yugra; to justify measures of medical support for climate-related health disorders.

Research materials: databases of weather, solar and magnetic activity, demographic and medical statistics, information on the health of pregnant women and newborns from among the indigenous peoples of the North.

Results and novelty of the research: the influence of the peculiarities of the seasons, the asymmetric photoperiod of the North on the life of the indigenous population is traced. Health problems associated with unfavorable climatic and geophysical factors of the North have been identified. When assessing complications of pregnancy and childbirth, predictors affecting the physical development of a child were identified: intrauterine growth retardation, threatened preterm labor, gestational age and intrauterine hypotrophy. The necessary measures of medical, technological and psychological support for violations of the time organization of functions among the indigenous inhabitants of the North have been identified.

The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the scientific literature devoted to the health status of the indigenous population of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, the question of the correlation of health status with the peculiarities of weather and heliogeophysical conditions of the region has been investigated and ways of comprehensive medical support for patients have been outlined.