Features of T-cell and humoral immunity of patients with acute coronary syndrome, with and without COVID-19, depending on/peripheral blood B-lymphocytes with the phenotype CD3–CD19+CD5+ level
- Authors: Safronova E.A.1,2, Ryabova L.V.1, Zurochka A.V.3,4, Dobrynina M.А.3,4,2
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Affiliations:
- South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- State Research Center of the Russian Federation — Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections “Virome”, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
- Issue: Vol 14, No 2 (2024)
- Pages: 277-288
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2220-7619/article/view/262368
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-FOT-16599
- ID: 262368
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Abstract
The aim of the work was to assess the T-cell and humoral immune arms in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) recovered from or not exposed to COVID-19. 86 men with ACS aged 40 to 65 years old, who suffered or not exposed to COVID-19, which required stenting of coronary arteries, were examined. Depending on the peripheral blood B-lymphocyte CD3–CD19+CD5+ level and the former COVID-19 history, all patients were divided into 6 groups. Of the previously COVID-19 exposed subjects CD3–CD19+CD5+ lymphocytes were at: reduced (group 1), normal (group 2), increased (group 3) level. COVID-19 unexposed subjects had CD3–CD19+CD5+ lymphocyte level: reduced (group 4), normal (group 5), increased (group 6). The most severe clinical manifestations were observed in group 1: with a larger rate of stent thrombosis and increased mortality. In absolute numbers, T-lymphocytes were significantly lower in group 1 compared to other groups, except group 4. The lowest both relative and absolute T-helper cell counts were recorded in covid-19 patients, with reduced CD3–CD19+CD5+ cell level. NK-lymphocytes both in relative and absolute level were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in patients who suffered from COVID-19 as compared to those in patients unexposed to previous COVID-19. Percentage of late-activation T-regulatory cells was minimal in patients with former COVID-19 along with high B-lymphocyte CD3–CD19+CD5+ level, which significantly (p < 0.05) differed from those in subjects lacking former COVID-19 history. In addition, significantly lower B-lymphocyte CD3–CD19+CD5– level was found in group 1 and 4. The IgM level peaked in group 5 — subjects lacking former COVID-19 history and having normal CD3–CD19+CD5+ cell level that significantly differed in comparison with that of in group 1, 2, 3. At the same time, the maximum value of IgG level was recorded in COVID-19 patients with normal CD3–CD19+CD5+ cells, and significantly differed from those found in group 5 and 6. C1-inhibitor level was higher in group 3 that significantly differed from that in other groups. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgM levels were significantly higher in COVID-19-positive vs. COVID-19-negative patients. Conclusion. In patients who have suffered COVID-19 with low B-lymphocyte CD3–CD19+CD5+ level, a significantly compromised immune protection was noted in comparison with other groups: a decline in total T-lymphocyte, T-helper, early- and late-activation T-lymphocyte, T-regulatory cell, B-lymphocyte CD3–CD19+CD5– levels, which was associated with a more severe disease course characterized by stent thrombosis and large mortality.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
E. A. Safronova
South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; State Research Center of the Russian Federation — Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation
Email: safronovaeleonora68@gmail.com
PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Polyclinic Therapy and Clinical Pharmacology; Lecturer at the Department of Therapy
Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk; MoscowL. V. Ryabova
South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: safronovaeleonora68@gmail.com
DSc (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Life Safety, Disaster Medicine, Emergency Medicine
Russian Federation, ChelyabinskA. V. Zurochka
Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections “Virome”, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
Author for correspondence.
Email: safronovaeleonora68@gmail.com
DSc (Medicine), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology; Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Transmissible Viral Diseases
Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg; YekaterinburgM. А. Dobrynina
Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Federal Scientific Research Institute of Viral Infections “Virome”, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing; State Research Center of the Russian Federation — Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation
Email: safronovaeleonora68@gmail.com
PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Researcher, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology, Institute of Immunology and Physiology; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Transmissible Viral Diseases; Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical and Biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education
Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg; Yekaterinburg; MoscowReferences
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