Cytokines and HIV associated neurological manifestations: a systematic review
- Authors: SeyedAlinaghi S.1, Afsahi A.2, Mirzapour P.1, Alikarami S.3, Afzalian A.3, Matini P.4, Mahrokhi S.1, Ali Z.5, Pashaei A.1,6, Eslami S.3, Vahedi F.3, Paranjkhoo P.7, Habibi M.8, Molla A.9, Dadjou A.9, Parikhani S.3, Mehraeen E.10, Hackett D.11
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Affiliations:
- Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- University of California
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Iran University of Medical Sciences
- University of Saskatchewan
- University of British Columbia
- American University of Armenia
- Qom University of Medical Sciences
- Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
- Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences
- The University of Sydney
- Issue: Vol 15, No 1 (2025)
- Pages: 112-124
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2220-7619/article/view/292134
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-CAH-17533
- ID: 292134
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Abstract
Background. Cytokines are key players in the immune system’s reaction to HIV and play a crucial role in HIV pathogenesis. Dysregulation of cytokines can contribute to the disease’s pathogenesis and associated complications, making a comprehensive understanding of their roles crucial for developing efficacious therapeutic interventions against HIV/AIDS. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to examine the role of cytokines in HIV associated neurological manifestations and related complications. Materials and methods. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were explored for original English literature until September 10, 2022. Eligible articles for data extraction were screened and selected in two steps using some inclusion/ exclusion criteria. This study conforms to the PRISMA checklist and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results. This review included a total of 15 studies. It was identified that cytokines were associated with sleep problems and numerous neurological manifestations. The most common neurological conditions include dementia, seizure, meningitis, cerebral toxoplasmosis, microcephalus, encephalitis, and gliosis. Commonly used cytokines detection methods included PCR, ELISA, Luminex xMAP multiplex platform, and PUREGene DNA Isolation System. Cytokine samples were mostly taken from blood and tissue. Conclusion. There is an interconnecting pathway of cytokines, neurological function (mainly dementia), and sleep habits in people living with HIV. Despite this, the mechanism of cytokines influencing sleep problems and neuropathological disorders remains unclear. Further research is warranted to determine the potential mechanisms and impact of cytokines associations in HIV progression.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
S. SeyedAlinaghi
Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, MPhil, PhD, Research Fellowship, Associate Professor, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranA.M. Afsahi
University of California
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine
United States, San Diego (UCSD), CaliforniaP. Mirzapour
Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
Researcher, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranS. Alikarami
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Student, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranA. Afzalian
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranP. Matini
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Student, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranS. Mahrokhi
Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Researcher, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranZ. Ali
University of Saskatchewan
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Researcher
Canada, SaskatoonA. Pashaei
Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; University of British Columbia
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
PhD Student, School of Nursing
Iran, Islamic Republic of, Tehran; Vancouver, CanadaS. Eslami
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Student, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranF. Vahedi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Student, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranP. Paranjkhoo
American University of Armenia
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, MPH, Researcher, Turpanjian College of Health Sciences
Armenia, YerevanM.A. Habibi
Qom University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD, Student, Clinical Research Development Center
Iran, Islamic Republic of, QomA. Molla
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
MD Student, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, BushehrA. Dadjou
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
Student, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, BushehrS.N. Parikhani
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
BS in Nursing, School of Medicine
Iran, Islamic Republic of, TehranEsmaeil Mehraeen
Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Health Information Technology
Iran, Islamic Republic of, KhalkhalD. Hackett
The University of Sydney
Email: es.mehraeen@gmail.com
PhD (Exercise and Sport Science), Lecturer in Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Australia, Sydney, New South WalesReferences
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