Assessment of collective immunity to enteric hepatitis viruses in the Kyrgyz population
- Authors: Popova A.Y.1, Gorbunova A.Y.2, Ostankova Y.V.2, Egorova S.A.2, Arykbaeva B.K.3, Abdrakhmanova Z.O.4, Karataeva U.S.5, Reingardt D.E.2, Ivanova A.R.2, Shchemelev A.N.2, Drozd I.V.2, Zhimbaeva O.B.2, Danilova E.M.2, Milichkina A.M.2, Nurmatov Z.S.4, Sattarova G.Z.4, Temirbekova S.N.4, Nuridinova Z.N.4, Kasymbekov Z.O.4, Dzhemuratov K.A.4, Smolenskiy V.Y.1, Totolian A.A.2
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Affiliations:
- Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
- St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
- Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
- National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
- Kyrgyz State Medical Institute of Retraining and Advanced Training named after S.B. Daniyarov
- Issue: Vol 15, No 2 (2025)
- Pages: 297-309
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2220-7619/article/view/311317
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-AOC-17929
- ID: 311317
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Abstract
The problem of viral hepatitis A (HA) and E (HE), has remained relevant for many decades. According to estimates by the World Health Organization, millions of people are exposed annually to the risk of infection with these hepatitis A (HAV) and E (HEV) viruses. Because HA and HE can be asymptomatic, their true prevalence is very difficult to estimate. The aim was to assess seroprevalence of HAV and HEV infections in the Kyrgyz Republic, taking into account the infectious and vaccination status and socio-demographic characteristics of volunteers.
Materials and methods. The cohort under examination comprised 6610 apparently healthy individuals (volunteers) aged from 1 to 70+ years residing in the Kyrgyz Republic. The questionnaire included the collection of personal data, information on chronic diseases, blood transfusions, and surgical interventions, as well as specific information on each type of infection considered in the study, including data on past cases of hepatitis A and E, and vaccination against hepatitis A. ELISA analysis for HA and HE marker presence involved anti-HAV IgG, and anti-HEV IgG qualitative determination (test-systems by Vector-Best, and Diagnostic Systems RPC).
Results. During the study, anti-HAV IgG antibodies were detected for 76.8% of cases, and anti-HEV IgG antibodies were detected for 5.6% of cases. The seroprevalence rate for HAV and HEV was higher among women than among men. A direct correlation was shown between the occurrence of anti-HAV IgG and anti-HAV IgG with the age of the volunteers. Anti-HAV IgG was found in 75.4% of individuals denying hepatitis A history, while anti-HEV IgG was detected in 5.6% of those denying hepatitis E history. The share of vaccinated against HAV individuals was 5.9%. During the study, an assessment of the prevalence of markers for HA and HE in the population per 100 000 inhabitants was conducted, which resulted in 76.030 cases per 100 000 for HA, and 5567 cases per 100 000 for HE.
Conclusion. The need is obvious continuing nationwide vaccination initiatives against hepatitis A, expanding mandatory vaccination coverage for vulnerable groups, conducting additional evaluations of existing preventive measures, launching educational campaigns focused on HA and HE prevention strategies.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
A. Yu. Popova
Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head
Russian Federation, MoscowA. Yu. Gorbunova
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Laboratory Research Assistant, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgYu. V. Ostankova
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
PhD (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Immunology and Virology HIV-Infection, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgS. A. Egorova
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
DSc (Medicine), Deputy Director for Innovation
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgB. K. Arykbaeva
Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Deputy
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekZ. O. Abdrakhmanova
National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Epidemiologist
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekU. S. Karataeva
Kyrgyz State Medical Institute of Retraining and Advanced Training named after S.B. Daniyarov
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Head of the Department of Public Health with a Course in Infection Control, Southern Branch
Kyrgyzstan, OshD. E. Reingardt
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Doctor, Department of Diagnostics of HIV Infection and AIDS-Associated Diseases Infection
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgA. R. Ivanova
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Laboratory Assistant, Department of Diagnostics of HIV Infection and AIDS-Associated Diseases Infection
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgA. N. Shchemelev
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Virology of HIV Infection
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgI. V. Drozd
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
PhD (Biology), Head of the Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgO. B. Zhimbaeva
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics of the Medical Center
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgE. M. Danilova
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Pediatrician, Head of the Outpatient Department of the Medical Center
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgA. M. Milichkina
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
PhD (Medicine), Head Physician of the Medical Center
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgZ. Sh. Nurmatov
National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Head of the Republican Scientific and Practical Center for the Control of Viral Infections
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekG. Zh. Sattarova
National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
PhD (Medicine), Epidemiologist
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekS. N. Temirbekova
National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Epidemiologist
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekZh. N. Nuridinova
National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Scientific Researcher
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekZh. O. Kasymbekov
National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
DSc (Medicine), Director
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekK. A. Dzhemuratov
National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
DSc (Medicine), Deputy Director for Science
Kyrgyzstan, BishkekV. Yu. Smolenskiy
Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
Deputy Head
Russian Federation, MoscowA. A. Totolian
St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Author for correspondence.
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru
RAS Full Member, DSc (Medicine), Professor, Director
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgReferences
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