Enviar artigo por via de e-mail TNT equivalent of underwater explosion of the mixtures based on the explosives with positive oxygen balance
- Autores: Makhov M.N.1
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Afiliações:
- N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Edição: Volume 17, Nº 4 (2024)
- Páginas: 124-129
- Seção: Articles
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2305-9117/article/view/284523
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.30826/CE24170413
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/DSIGTY
- ID: 284523
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Resumo
The possibilities of increasing the shock wave energy of an underwater explosion by introducing the explosive with a positive oxygen balance into the composition of the energetic material are analyzed. For the calculations, relatively new compounds were chosen as explosive oxidizers: 3,6-dinitro-1,4-bis(trinitromethyl)-1,4-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole; 4,4,5,5-tetranitro-2,2-bis(trinitromethyl)-2Н,2Н-3,3-bipyrazole; and2-dinitromethyl-5-nitrotetrazole. The function of explosive fuel was performed by the well-known powerful substances HMX and CL-20. The calculations have shown that compositions containing these explosive oxidizers should have high values of the TNT equivalent in terms of shock wave energy and the most noticeable increase in the TNT equivalent due to the use of these explosive oxidizers should be expected in the case of aluminized compositions.
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Sobre autores
Michael Makhov
N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: mmn13makhov@yandex.ru
(b. 1946) — Candidate of Science in chemistry, leading research scientist
Rússia, 4 Kosygin Str., Moscow 119991Bibliografia
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Fig. 1. TNT-equivalent of the mixtures of HMX with oxidizers (1 — BTNEN; 2 — HNF; 3 — ADN; 4 — AP; and 5 — DNG) depending on the oxidizer mass fraction: solid curves — compositions without Al; and dashed curves — compositions with Al
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Fig. 2. TNT-equivalent of the mixtures of the explosives (1 — HNF; 2 — BTNEN; 3 — ADN; 4 — CL-20; 5 — DNG; 6 — HMX; and 7 — AP) with Al depending on the Al mass fraction
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Fig. 3. Structural formulas of compounds I–III
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Fig. 4. TNT-equivalent of the mixtures of CL-20 (1) or HMX (2) with the explosive oxidizer I depending on the oxidizer mass fraction: solid curves — compositions without Al; and dashed curves — compositions with Al
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Fig. 5. Heat of explosion of the mixtures of the explosives with Al depending on the Al mass fraction: 1 — BTNEN; 2 — CL-20; 3 — HMX; and signs — experimental values of the heat of explosion of the compositions based on BTNEN and HMX
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Fig. 6. TNT-equivalent of the mixtures of the explosives with Al depending on the Al mass fraction: 1 — BTNEN; 2 — CL-20; and 3 — HMX
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