Fast deflagration-to-detonation transition in helical tubes

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Abstract

When designing a new type of power plants operating on pulsed detonations of gaseous or liquid fuels, the concept of fast deflagration-to-detonation transition (FDDT) is used. According to the concept, the flame arising from a weak ignition source must accelerate so fast as to form an intense shock wave at a minimum distance from the ignition source so that the intensity of the shock wave is sufficient for fast shock-to-detonation transition due to some additional arrangements. Hence, the FDDT concept implies the use of special means for flame acceleration and shock wave amplification. In the present work, FDDT has been studied using a standard pulsed detonation tube (SDT) comprising a Shchelkin spiral and a helical tube section with ten coils as the means for flame acceleration and shock amplification (focusing) devices, respectively. To attain the FDDT at the shortest distances for fuels of essentially different detonability, the diameter of the SDT is taken close to the limiting diameter of detonation propagation for air mixtures of regular hydrocarbon fuels (50 mm). The experiments have been conducted with air mixtures of individual gaseous fuels (hydrogen, methane, propane, and ethylene) and binary fuel compositions (methane–hydrogen, propane–hydrogen, and ethylene–hydrogen) at normal pressure and temperature conditions. The use of the helical tube with ten coils is shown to considerably extend the fuel-lean concentration limits of detonation as compared to the straight tube and a tube with a helical section with two coils.

About the authors

Igor O. Shamshin

N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: igor_shamshin@mail.ru

Candidate of Science in physics and mathematics, leading research scientist

Russian Federation, Moscow

Victor S. Aksenov

N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)

Email: v.aksenov@mail.ru

Candidate of Science in physics and mathematics, senior research scientist, associate professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Maxim V. Kazachenko

N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: maksx71997@gmail.com

research engineer

Russian Federation, Moscow

Pavel A. Gusev

N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: gusevPA@yandex.ru

Candidate of Science in physics and mathematics, research scientist

Russian Federation, Moscow

Sergey M. Frolov

N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)

Email: smfrol@chph.ras.ru

Doctor of Science in physics and mathematics, head of department, head of laboratory, professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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