Cognitive universal educational actions as a factor of academic success of subject content mastering by students

The paper is devoted to the problem of universal educational actions development among students of a general education organization. Special attention is paid to the need for cognitive learning activities development. Their role in the educational process when students master the subject content is determined. The paper presents the results of the study conducted by specialists of the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology of the Institute of Educational Development in the Samara Region. The purpose of the study is to identify and evaluate the current state of meta-subject results development among students of grades 5–8 of general education organizations in the Samara Region, demonstrated in the All-Russian test papers on Russian language and Mathematics in 2020, 2021. The study revealed the most problematic cognitive meta-subject results, the development of which is recommended to focus on in primary school. The results of the study have convincingly demonstrated that it is the low level of cognitive meta-subject actions in the majority of students that is an obstacle to their full development of any subject content. The meta-subject deficits of students allowed us to draw a conclusion about the actual professional deficits of teachers. The results of the study will be useful to teachers of general education, students of pedagogical universities and all those who are interested in improving the quality of general education.