To the question of the concepts of «historical consciousness» and «historical memory»

The article defines the concepts «historical consciousness» and «historical memory» which are studied by many social sciences and are termed differently. The author indicates multiplicity of social memory as a process. Besides the public (social) memory the author distinguishes «cultural memory» (researched, especially recent); «collective memory» (faced and meaningful common experiences living together); «individual memory» (represented experience); «historical memory», etc. «Historical consciousness» and «historical memory» are the terms that take a key position in the theory and methodology of historical science. The author of the article also draws attention to the analysis of the approaches of contemporary scientists L.P. Repina and Maurice Halbwachs (the founder of the theory of historical memory (1877–1945) to the interpretation of the problem. The essence of historical consciousness and memory is characterized, public consciousness is distinguished. The author draws attention to such an important aspect of the problem as identifying complex concepts-synonyms appearing in the theory and methodology of historical science like «historical consciousness» and «historical memory». Special emphasis is made on showing dialectical unity concepts mentioned above.