Айны в современном японском обществе: проблема возвращения останков предков
- Авторы: Чекункова Е.С.1
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Учреждения:
- Уральский федеральный университет им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина
- Выпуск: Том 13, № 1 (2021): Восток: история, политика, культура
- Страницы: 96-113
- Раздел: Из истории культуры
- URL: https://journal-vniispk.ru/2312-8127/article/view/317232
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-8127-2021-13-1-96-113
- ID: 317232
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Аннотация
Статья посвящена вопросу возвращения изъятых японскими учеными для проведения антропологических и биологических исследований во второй половине XIX - первой половине XX вв. останков айнов. Тема репатриации останков актуальна, активно обсуждается сегодня как японскими, так и зарубежными исследователями. Кроме того, в условиях национального возрождения данный вопрос имеет важное культурное и психологическое значение для многих представителей коренного народа. В статье анализируются позиции по данному вопросу Правительства Японии и Ассоциации айнов Хоккайдо, а также критически настроенных айнов-активистов, поддерживаемых несколькими айнскими организациями и сообществами. Проанализированы дискуссии в японском обществе в процессе обсуждения данной проблемы, раскрывается ее значение для айнских общин. Было выяснено, что противоречия в основном возникают в связи с реализацией идеи о перенесении останков в единый мемориальный комплекс, который создан при открытом в июле 2020 г. Национальном музее и парке айнов. Доказано, что данная проблема во многом связана с несовершенством механизмов разработки этнической политики государства и реализации прав коренных народов в Японии. Кроме этого, проблема репатриации останков усугубляется в связи с отсутствием единства среди айнских общин и отсутствием организации, которая бы выражала мнение большинства айнских сообществ. В сложившейся ситуации достижение согласия между правительством, академическим сообществом и критически настроенными айнскими организациями оказалось крайне затруднительно. Вместе с тем сделан вывод о том, что существует потенциал для достижения консенсуса по данному вопросу.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
Екатерина Сергеевна Чекункова
Уральский федеральный университет им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: e_chekunkova@mail.ru
преподаватель, аспирант
620002, Россия, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19Список литературы
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